Herpes simplex virus is a type of common human herpes virus that can cause blister-like lesions on the skin anywhere in the body, preferably in and around the mouth and lips, buttocks and genitals. Herpes simplex can occur in many people and is usually triggered by a cold, fever, or spicy food. Herpes simplex virus infections that occur in the genitals are also known as genital herpes and are mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse. The skin lesions of herpes simplex may be painful, and the recurrent course of the disease is more bothersome and reduces the quality of life, but is rarely fatal. Herpes simplex virus infection may become severe in certain newborns, chronically ill patients, patients with cancer, or immunocompromised patients. Some patients may experience a recurrence due to a cold, fever, prolonged sun exposure or menstrual flow, but a significant number of patients cannot find an obvious trigger. The first infection with herpes simplex is severe and has a long duration, after which it may recur from time to time, but the recurrence is usually less severe than the first. Skin blisters usually appear first and then progress to superficial skin ulcers and crusting, but usually without scarring. The lesions are mildly to moderately painful and occur near the genitalia, including the buttocks, penis, vulva, vagina, and cervix. It may cause a burning painful sensation during urination, and some people may even have difficulty urinating. Swollen inguinal lymph nodes with painful pressure may occur. How is genital herpes diagnosed in men and women? An experienced dermatologist can establish the diagnosis clinically by history, symptoms and genital area rash without additional tests. In the case of atypical genital herpes, the doctor may arrange for further tests. Women with herpes virus infection in the cervix are usually unaware of its presence because they do not have any symptoms and cannot observe it on their own. If you suspect it, you can go to the hospital for further tests How is genital herpes treated? Milder cutaneous herpes simplex infections can be treated with topical agents to improve symptoms and shorten the duration of the disease. Severe or frequently recurring herpes simplex infections may consider oral antiviral medications to inhibit viral replication. How can I prevent transmission of genital herpes to others? There is no reliable vaccine for herpes simplex and there is no lifelong immunity after infection, so prevention is definitely the most important thing. Avoid contact with others if you have a herpes virus lesion or episode anywhere on your body. If there is a lesion near the lips, avoid kissing, sharing eating utensils such as cups, towels, and lip balm. Sexual intercourse should be avoided during an attack of genital herpes and condoms should be used only for local protection.