Many patients in the clinic often ask: “What kind of tests do I need to have for my back pain? What is the significance of various examinations? X-rays are electromagnetic waves with a very short wavelength, a kind of photon, and the X-wavelength used in diagnosis is 0.08-0.31Å (Å = 10cm). The two common clinical methods of X-ray examination are fluoroscopy and radiography. Fluoroscopy is more economical and convenient, and can be changed at will to observe various aspects of the examined area, but it does not leave an objective record, and it is not easy to distinguish details. Radiography can make the structure of the examined area clearly displayed on the X-ray film, and can be kept as an objective record for a long time, so that it can be studied at any time when needed or compared when re-examined. X-rays are only one of the clinical diagnostic aids. It is important to note here that in the case of spinal segments, radiographs generally include anteroposterior and lateral views, and left and right oblique views are taken as needed. Plain film examination cannot diagnose lumbar soft tissue injury and lumbar disc herniation. Therefore, routine radiographs are not required for patients with soft tissue injury-related lumbar pain. For patients suspected of having bony lesions such as fracture, tuberculosis, tumor, discontinuity of vertebral arch root isthmus and spondylolisthesis, X-ray examination should be performed. Warm tip: Please do not do X-ray during a woman’s pregnancy! Avoid damage to oocytes or fertilized eggs, which may cause embryonic dysplasia and result in congenital abnormalities, malformations, mental retardation, limb defects, etc. after birth.