Neonates with a positive syphilis antibody titer of 1:1 can usually turn negative. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by infection with the spirochete syphilis, which is mainly transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and vertical transmission from mother to child. Mothers who are diagnosed with syphilis during pregnancy will be given blocking treatment early and late in pregnancy depending on the test results. Venous blood is collected after the birth of a newborn for quantitative non-syphilis spirochete antigen serologic testing. If the titer is less than 4 times the mother’s titer, quantitative non-syphilis spirochete antigen serologic test will be performed every 3 months, clinical symptoms will be observed, and 2 consecutive negative results will rule out congenital syphilis and stop observation. If the test does not turn negative after 6 months of age and always maintains a low titer level, retest every 3 months and any time it turns negative, stop the test. Of course there are also those who remain positive at 18 months of age, then the diagnosis is congenital syphilis infection. It is recommended that children with neonatal syphilis be followed up by a doctor for treatment.