The primary role of the cervical spine and its muscular system is to support and enable movement of the head and to provide access to the downstream innervation of the nervous system. Therefore the neck is significantly less stressed than the lower spine. The cervical spine is susceptible to injury from muscle strain, postural fatigue and overactivity. Most non-surgical treatments address one or more of these factors, and the best initial treatment is short-term rest, massage, cold compresses, and aspirin. Placing the neck in a comfortable position is the key to relieving pain. The position that best relieves the pain can suggest the mechanism of the lesion or injury that is causing the symptoms. Patients with hyperflexion injuries have a rolled pad placed under their neck to make it more comfortable to extend the neck. However, there is no specific comfort position for lateral disc herniation, although most patients tolerate it best in a neutral position. In patients with cervical spondylolisthesis (hard disc herniation), the most comfortable position is with the neck in flexion. Cervical traction can be beneficial in some cases, but care must be taken when instructing patients to perform traction therapy; the head should be placed in a position where pain can be significantly relieved, and traction should be abandoned if pain is instead worsened during traction. The traction weight should not exceed 4.5 kg (equivalent to the head weight). To prevent irritation of the TMJ, choose the appropriate traction headband and the appropriate duration of traction. Traction allows the patient to relax the whole body. The “Poor man” traction is a simple way to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical traction, using the weight of the head unsupported as the traction weight (approximately 10 lbs). In hyperextension traction, the patient lies on his or her back with the head gently extended beyond the examination bed or table. For flexion traction, the patient is placed in the prone position in the same manner as for hyperextension traction. Traction is then continued in the most comfortable position, several times a day for 5 to 10 minutes each time. Cervical traction is one of the most important and effective methods of conservative treatment for cervical spondylosis, and its therapeutic effect is achieved in the following ways: (1) limiting the activities of the cervical spine, reducing the repeated friction and adverse stimulation of the compressed spinal cord and nerve roots, and helping the edema and inflammation of the spinal cord, nerve roots, joint capsule, muscles and other tissues to subside. (2) Increase the vertebral space and intervertebral foramen to reduce or even release the irritation and compression of nerve roots. (3) Release muscle spasm, restore the balance of the cervical spinal crutches, reduce the internal pressure of the intervertebral disc, and cushion the pressure of the intervertebral disc to the surrounding area. (4) To open the small joint gap, release synovial inlay, and restore the normal sequence and interrelationship between cervical vertebrae. (5) To straighten the vertebral artery twisted between the transverse foramina and improve the blood supply to the arteries. (6) The longitudinal diameter of the cervical spinal canal is elongated, the spinal cord is stretched, the ligamentum flavum is flattened, and the volume of the spinal canal is relatively increased. Correct traction treatment not only relieves muscle spasm, but also improves the symptoms of nerve root irritation. The time of cervical traction depends on the severity of the patient’s symptoms and the traction effect. If the traction method is correct and the traction effect is not good, or even if there is a lot of discomfort during traction, then simply give up traction. If the symptoms are serious and affect life and work, continuous traction in the lying position is feasible, except for eating and urination and defecation, 24 hours continuous traction, which is theoretically the most effective, usually traction during the day and discontinued at night. For those whose symptoms are still tolerable and who cannot give up work and rest, intermittent traction in sitting position can be performed at work breaks and at home, 2-3 times a day, for half an hour to l hour each time. Since it takes more than 2 weeks for the edema of nerve roots to subside, it is generally necessary to insist on 2-3 weeks to have a positive effect. Postural neck pain can be treated by frequent changes in neck position and change of working environment to prevent fatigue and encourage patients to develop good posture. Reducing or relieving tension is also beneficial. A neck brace can limit hyperactivity, and like traction, the brace should be made in a shape that keeps the neck in the most comfortable position. This may be very beneficial for patients who are very active. After the acute pain has subsided, neck and shoulder training is most helpful, as is isometric muscle training during the acute phase. Occasionally, shoulder disorders such as adhesive capsulitis may accompany cervical spondylosis, so that the limb in which the pain occurs cannot be completely braked.