Acute mastitis is mostly an acute purulent infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
Clinical manifestations include breast swelling and pain, chills, fever, local redness, swelling, heat, pain, hard lumps on palpation, and elevated white blood cells. Most of them have a history of nipple injury, cracking or milk accumulation.
The disease often occurs in lactating women 1-2 months after delivery, especially in first-time mothers. The germs usually invade from the nipple rupture or crack, but can also cause infection directly. Although there is a special treatment for this disease, the onset of pain, destruction of breast tissue causes breast deformation and affects breastfeeding. Therefore, prevention of this disease is more important than treatment.
Clinical manifestations
1. The affected breast is swollen and painful, and there may be generalized chills and fever symptoms.
2. Localized redness, swelling, heat pain, painful hard lumps are palpated, and there may be fluctuation after abscess formation.
3. Enlarged lymph nodes in the ipsilateral axilla with pressure pain.
Diagnosis basis
1.Lactation with milk stagnation, followed by breast swelling and pain, chills and fever, local redness, swelling, hot pain, hard lumps to touch or fluctuating sensation, and swollen ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes.
2.Total white blood cell count and neutrophils are significantly elevated.
3, Ultrasound examination with fluid level segment, puncture to extract pus.
Treatment principles
1, pay attention to rest, clean the nipple, suck out the milk, hold up the breast, and suspend breastfeeding in severe cases.
2, local wet and hot compresses, available saturated magnesium sulfate wet and hot compresses;
3, systemic application of antibiotics, mainly penicillin.
4.Chinese medicine treatment.
5.Once an abscess is formed, timely incision and drainage is recommended.
Preventive measures
1, in the second trimester of pregnancy, it is necessary to frequently scrub the breast and nipple with warm water or with 75% alcohol once every 2 to 3 days, especially for pregnant women who have given birth for the first time to make it a habit to increase the resistance of the nipple skin.
2, pregnant women with nipple invagination should use their fingers to squeeze and pull the nipple to correct.
3, to develop the habit of regular breastfeeding, pay attention to nipple cleaning. Each time you breastfeed, you should suck up the milk and alternate between the two breasts. If there is breast milk accumulation, use your hand to squeeze and massage it, or use a breast pump to help suck out the milk so that the milk is drained to prevent breast milk accumulation.
4. If there is milk accumulation, hand squeezing or sucking with a breast pump will not dissipate the milk accumulation.
5.If the nipple is broken or cracked, it should be treated.
6.Weaning should be done by reducing the number of breastfeeding sessions before weaning. Take Jiao Mai tea before weaning to reduce milk.