Cryptorchidism is a condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum on the same side according to the normal developmental process. Normally, both testicles should be located in the scrotum after the child is born. Many parents find that one side of the scrotum (or in some cases, both scrotums) is empty and flat after birth, and the testicles cannot be felt in the scrotum, so they go to the hospital and are diagnosed with cryptorchidism. The testicles of children with cryptorchidism are located in the groin or in the abdominal cavity, and those located in the abdominal cavity are high cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism is a very common congenital disorder of the male reproductive system in children, and its incidence is significantly higher in premature and low birth weight infants. The testes must be located in the scrotum for normal development. The high temperature in the groin or abdominal cavity will affect the development of the testes, and the testes on the affected side of long-term cryptorchidism will gradually degenerate and atrophy, and the germ cells will be damaged. Long-term untreated cryptorchidism on one side can injure the other testicle through metaplasia. The harm of long-term untreated cryptorchidism is the decrease of fertility or sterility, and the decrease of androgen level, in addition, the chance of cryptorchidism torsion, cryptorchidism trauma and cryptorchidism cancer is obviously increased. The diagnosis of cryptorchidism is easy, but it should be distinguished from testicular agenesis, ectopic testis, retracted testis, etc. In some children, the testicle is located in the groin and can be pulled down into the scrotum, but after letting go of the testicle, the testicle returns to the groin, which is called a sliding testicle, and its management is equivalent to cryptorchidism. After birth, the cryptorchid may descend on its own, mainly during the first 3-6 months of life, and after 6 months, the chance of the cryptorchid descending on its own decreases significantly. Therefore, if the testicles still have not descended into the scrotum after 6 months of life, corresponding treatment should be given. For cryptorchidism with high bilateral position, endocrine therapy such as intramuscular injection of chorionic gonadotropin can be tried, but if there is no response after one course of treatment, it is not advisable to continue or repeat the application. Most treatment of cryptorchidism requires surgery. External fixation of the testicular meatus capsule is widely used and has proven efficacy with minimal incision and trauma. Laparoscopic assisted surgery is suitable for high intra-abdominal cryptorchidism, which has the advantages of less trauma, less pain, faster recovery and satisfactory results, and can identify testicular agenesis.