Chest tightness and breathlessness is commonly referred to as dyspnea, a subjective feeling of abnormal discomfort or effort in breathing. Healthy people also have dyspnea during strenuous activities (such as running, going upstairs, etc.), which is physiological in nature. The medical term dyspnea focuses on pathological ones, such as at rest or during light physical activities that do not cause dyspnea. There are many causes of dyspnea, and sometimes it is not easy to achieve timely diagnosis, poor treatment, increasing the patient’s suffering, or even developing to a serious degree such as respiratory failure and heart failure. Therefore, dyspnea of unknown origin should be given great attention, and timely medical consultation should be made to get the correct diagnosis and treatment.
The causes of dyspnea outlining the airway can be divided into: respiratory system diseases, cardiovascular system diseases, poisoning, blood diseases, neuropsychiatric diseases, and muscle diseases, etc.
I. Respiratory system diseases
1, upper respiratory tract diseases: abscess of the posterior pharyngeal wall, foreign bodies in the larynx and trachea, laryngeal edema and laryngeal cancer, etc.
2. Infectious bronchial and pulmonary diseases: acute tracheobronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis.
3.Allergic bronchial and pulmonary diseases: bronchial asthma, occupational asthma, hay fever.
4.Malignant tumor of lung.
5, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (mainly chronic bronchitis and obstructive emphysema).
6, diffuse interstitial lung disease: clinically divided into secondary (such as a variety of known causes, like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.) and idiopathic (refers to the currently unknown causes).
7.Pulmonary atelectasis, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, etc.
8, mediastinal diseases: mediastinitis, mediastinal tumors and cysts, mediastinal emphysema.
9, spinal thoracic disease: such as spinal deformity.
10, pulmonary vascular disease: pulmonary thromboembolism (commonly known as pulmonary embolism) and pulmonary edema (such as plateau reaction).
11, sleep apnea syndrome (commonly known as snoring).
Second, the cardiovascular system diseases
Including kinds of coronary heart disease, wind heart disease, precordial disease, cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, etc.
Three, poisoning
CO moderate, cyanide moderate, nitrite moderate, etc.
IV. Blood diseases
Anemia, hemorrhagic shock, methemoglobinemia.
V. Neuropsychiatric and muscular diseases
1, neurological diseases: traumatic brain injury, hemorrhage, encephalitis, meningitis.
2, psychiatric diseases: anxiety syndrome, menopausal syndrome and hysteria, etc.
3, myopathic diseases: diaphragm paralysis, myasthenia gravis, motor neuron disease, etc.