Cesarean section is the common name for cesarean delivery, and the timing of the cesarean operation is very important and is a major factor in the prognosis of the mother and child. Early cesarean section, or elective cesarean section, is generally chosen, but not absolutely, and some conditions during labor require emergency cesarean section management. The surgical indications for cesarean section include fetal distress, cephalopelvic disproportion, scarred uterus, abnormal fetal position, placenta praevia and anterior vessels, twin or multiple pregnancies, umbilical cord prolapse, placenta previa, the presence of severe comorbidities and complications in the pregnant woman, those with gestational macrosomia, cesarean section requested by the pregnant woman, malformations of the birth canal, vulvar disorders, serious infectious diseases of the reproductive tract, and tumors in pregnancy, and so on. 1. Elective cesarean section refers to an elective operation that is initiated before labor under the premise of having an indication for cesarean section, good status of the pregnant woman and the fetus, and planning and preparation. Because of the higher risk of respiratory infection complications in newborns for cesarean section before 39 weeks of gestation, elective cesarean section is not recommended before 39 weeks of gestation, except for twin or multiple fetuses and placenta praevia. 2. Emergency cesarean section, refers to cesarean section in emergency situations that threaten the life of the mother and child, should strive to end the delivery in the shortest possible time, and requires the cooperation of the mother and her family, as well as the communication and cooperation of obstetrics, neonatology and anesthesiology medical staff. The mother and her family should cooperate with the obstetrician, neonatologist and anesthesiologist.