Renal hypoplasia is an impairment of the excretory, endocrine and regulatory functions of the kidneys, and there may be clinical manifestations such as accumulation of metabolic wastes and water and sodium retention as well as anemia.
The main functions of the kidneys are excretory, endocrine and regulatory functions. Excretory function means that the kidneys can help to excrete end products of metabolism in the body, such as urea, creatinine, etc.; endocrine function means that the kidneys can produce hormones and biologically active substances, such as erythropoietin and renin, etc.; regulatory function means that the kidneys can regulate the body’s water, electrolyte, acid-base balance.
The main causes of renal hypoplasia are acute and chronic nephritis, urinary tract infections, stones, tumors and so on.
When renal hypoplasia occurs, the kidneys cannot eliminate excess water and metabolic wastes in the body, and cannot secrete erythropoietin and other functions. So renal hypoplasia, there will be water, electrolyte and acid-base balance and other disorders, blood creatinine, urinary nitrogen elevated. It leads to body swelling and manifestations such as oliguria and anuria.
The more serious the renal decompensation is, the more harmful it is to the body, and in the late stage of development of uremia stage, anemia, ionic disorders, acidosis, hypertension, cardiac insufficiency and other clinical symptoms will occur, which requires renal replacement therapy.
It is recommended that patients with renal hypoplasia should go to the hospital in time, complete the relevant examinations under the guidance of the doctor, clarify the cause and actively treat the disease to avoid the progression of the condition.