Renal insufficiency is a clinical syndrome caused by the serious destruction of glomeruli from various causes, which makes the body disorder in excreting metabolic wastes and regulating water-electrolyte, acid-base balance and endocrine function, including acute renal insufficiency and chronic renal insufficiency, and the key to treatment is to block it from the source. 1.Standardized treatment: In the early stage of renal insufficiency, the kidney damage is mild and the primary disease, such as diabetes, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, glomerular or tubular inflammation, should be actively treated to prevent its development into uremia. Hypertension should be gradually lowered by drugs and other means; early renal macrovascular disease such as renal artery or renal vein embolism can be treated with thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy. Mild acute tubulitis is mainly treated with conservative treatment such as support and symptomatic treatment. 2, remove the predisposing factors: various infections such as renal tuberculosis, chronic pyelitis, etc. should be mainly supportive, symptomatic, and if necessary, dialysis can be used. Antibiotics with low nephrotoxicity can be used to prevent and treat infections. Acute vomiting and diarrhea, fever, trauma, consumption of nephrotoxic drugs are also prone to induce nephropathy. 3, diet therapy: low protein diet, and animal protein containing more essential amino acids; low phosphorus content is easy to digest and adequate vitamins; hypertension, edema patients, should be low salt diet. 4.Other: When mild metabolic acidosis occurs in the body, the water, electrolyte and acid-base balance in the body can be adjusted by drugs. When post-renal obstruction occurs, a catheter should be placed in the bladder to unblock the urinary tract. In patients with renal insufficiency, daily health care should be done to strengthen self-exercise, enhance the ability to resist disease, while paying attention to rest and cooperating with doctors’ treatment.