Most toothaches are due to inflammation caused by aerobic or anaerobic bacterial infections, such as pericoronitis, pulpitis, periapical inflammation, and periodontitis of wisdom teeth, all of which can cause toothaches to varying degrees. Taking metronidazole and oxymetholone can both treat toothache. In comparison, metronidazole drug action is stronger and can relieve most periodontitis caused by anaerobic bacterial infections, but the specific medication should be chosen wisely according to the cause and efficacy. The biggest difference between metronidazole and metronidazole is the difference in composition. Metronidazole belongs to a compound drug, which includes two kinds of ingredients: artificial cow’s milk and metronidazole. The main role of artificial cowberry is to relieve heat and pain, compared with metronidazole drugs, containing less metronidazole components, so the anti-inflammatory effect of cowberry metronidazole, compared with metronidazole is smaller. Therefore, if the toothache is caused by apical inflammation, periodontitis and other diseases with heavy inflammation, it is recommended to apply metronidazole for timely anti-inflammatory treatment; however, if the patient’s inflammation response is small and only mild pain is present, metronidazole can be used to relieve heat and pain. However, there are still some toothaches that cannot be relieved by the above two drugs and need to be treated accordingly for the specific situation. For example, in the case of pulpitis, since the inflammation of the pulp tissue leads to pain from the compression of the hard tissue of the tooth, the above mentioned drugs cannot achieve the effect of relieving the compression, so taking the above mentioned drugs when pulpitis occurs is not effective; toothache caused by trigeminal neuralgia is also not possible to be relieved by the above mentioned drugs, this is because both do not act on the trigeminal nerve. In addition, there are some inflammatory diseases caused by aerobic or anaerobic bacteria co-infection, which should be treated with a combination of cephalosporin, amoxicillin or erythromycin in addition to metronidazole and oxymetronidazole. In addition, in addition to taking drugs to relieve symptoms, toothache should also be actively searched for the cause and treated for the cause, such as pulpitis, periapical toothache should also be timely root canal treatment to achieve complete control of infection and avoid recurrent pain.