Blood sedimentation is clinically referred to as the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which indicates the sedimentation rate of coagulated red blood cells in the plasma. Normal values are generally 0-15mm/h for men and 0-20mm/h for women, and may be associated with rheumatic diseases when exceeding 20mm/h. Blood sedimentation is also often used as an indicator of inflammatory response along with C-reactive protein as an aid in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases. Patients with rheumatic diseases often have elevated blood sedimentation and C-reactive protein as the main indicators of disease activity, which can be reduced to normal levels when the disease is in remission. 80% of patients with acute rheumatic fever and patients with active ankylosing spondylitis also often have elevated blood sedimentation and C-reactive protein as the main manifestations. The elevated sedimentation caused by the above diseases may be related to the promotion of hepatic fibrinogen synthesis by inflammatory factors. Systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, dry syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and spondyloarthritis are also rheumatic diseases, but changes in blood sedimentation are not the only typical manifestation and diagnostic basis, and routine blood, urine, and stool tests, as well as liver and kidney function tests, are also needed to help make the diagnosis. In addition, elevated blood sedimentation may also be related to disease factors such as acute inflammation, active tuberculosis, anemia, malignant tumors, and special physiological conditions such as menstruation and pregnancy in women, elderly women, infants and children, etc. Patients are advised to actively consult a doctor to improve relevant examinations and clarify the cause.