Early education is defined as an organized and purposeful educational activity that enriches the environment to promote the normal development of normal healthy children. Such educational activities are referred to as early intervention when used for children whose intellectual development deviates or is likely to deviate from normal (e.g., premature infants, neonatal asphyxia, etc.). The importance of early education and intervention is that they can promote the brain development and intelligence development of children to improve the quality of our nation and to adapt to the strategy of developing the country through science and education, and to contribute to China’s competition for talents in the 21st century, as well as to promote the compensatory nature of brain structure and function, thus reducing the rate of intellectual disability and providing a new way to reduce the economic and mental burden on families and the socioeconomic burden. The reason for these effects of early education and intervention is that the development of intelligence is closely related to brain development. From a physiological point of view, it is known that: (1) the period of rapid proliferation of nerve cells in the human brain is from the first 3 months of gestation to 1 year of age after birth. ②The period of 0-3 years is the fastest period of brain development, especially during the first 6 months of life. ③The number of nerve fibers and synapses develops rapidly during infancy. ④Brain plasticity is strongest in infancy and early childhood. ⑤A number of critical periods for intellectual development occur in infancy, for example, the critical period for spoken language is between 2 and 3 years old. ⑥After birth, newborns already have the ability to see, hear, touch, taste, smell, and feel pain, which provides the necessary conditions for early education. Clinical studies have proven that early education can promote the development of intelligence in normal healthy children, and early intervention can also promote the improvement of developmental quotient and reduce the rate of intellectual disability in preterm and asphyxiated infants.