Women’s health care aims to maintain and promote women’s health, and is an important part of China’s health care. Women account for half of the total population, so the health care of women and the protection of their physical and mental health are directly related to the health of future generations, the happiness of families, the improvement of national quality and the implementation of the basic state policy of family planning. From the medical point of view, health is the biggest saving, and it is a more important and effective saving.
Health, as defined by the World Health Organization, is not just the absence of disease and infirmity, but the maintenance of physical, mental and social perfection. The harmonious unity of the human body, mind and society is the concept of great health. For this reason, today we will discuss with our compatriots the symptoms of common diseases in women, so that we can seek medical attention in time when there is discomfort related to them and try to treat them early and prevent them.
I. Irregular vaginal bleeding (vaginal bleeding outside of menstruation) Bleeding can occur in any part of the reproductive tract (uterine body, cervix, vagina, hymen, vulva, etc.), and its common causes are
1. ovarian endocrine disorders causing various types of functional uterine bleeding;
2, genital tumors – the most common is uterine fibroids, other endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, etc.;
3.Inflammatory diseases of the genitalia – common endometritis, cervicitis, old vaginitis, etc;
4, pregnancy-related diseases: various miscarriages, trophoblastic diseases (gravida, malignant gravida, choriocarcinoma), placenta praevia, placenta abruptio, placental residue, etc.
The normal leucorrhea is white and thin or egg white like, without fishy smell and small amount, called physiological leucorrhea. If there is inflammation or cancer in the reproductive tract, the leucorrhea increases and its nature also changes, which is called pathological leucorrhea. The common pathological leucorrhea are as follows.
1, colorless and transparent leucorrhea, large amount, generally consider cervical hypertrophy (a kind of chronic cervicitis), ovarian dysfunction (no ovulation), etc.
2. Vaginal inflammation
a. Trichomonas vaginalis – white or grayish-yellow foamy thin belt with fishy odor and vulvar itching.
b. Mycobacterial vaginitis – bean curd-like leucorrhea, often accompanied by severe vulvar itching or burning pain.
C. Bacterial vaginitis – gray homogeneous fishy smelling leucorrhea.
d. Pus-like leucorrhea with foul odor is often seen in cervical erosion, pus accumulation in the uterine cavity, cervical cancer, vaginal foreign body residue, etc.
e. Bloody leucorrhea is common in: severe cervical erosion, cervical polyps, submucosal fibroids, cervical cancer, etc.
f. Watery leucorrhea, i.e. continuous flow of rice water-like leucorrhea, often with strange odor, is common in advanced cervical cancer, vaginal cancer, submucosal fibroids with infection, etc.
g. Intermittent discharge of yellow or red watery leucorrhea should be considered as the possibility of tubal cancer.
Lower abdominal pain Different cases should be considered according to the nature and characteristics of lower abdominal pain.
1.Emergency of onset – slow onset and gradual increase is mostly caused by pelvic inflammation and malignant tumor; acute onset should be considered as ovarian cyst torsion or cyst rupture; sudden onset of severe tearing-like pain after repeated occult pain is often due to tubal pregnancy rupture.
2, lower abdominal pain location – center is mostly uterine lesions; one side of the pain should consider uterine adnexal lesions; the whole lower abdominal pain is commonly associated with ovarian cyst rupture, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic peritonitis, etc.
3.Nature of lower abdominal pain-continuous dull pain is mostly due to inflammation or pelvic fluid; paroxysmal colic is mostly due to contraction of uterus or fallopian tube; rupture of fallopian tube or ovarian tumor may cause sharp tearing pain; uterine fluid is often cramping pain; unbearable stubborn pain can be considered the presence of advanced cancer.
4.Time of lower abdominal pain – vague pain on one side of lower abdomen in the middle of menstrual cycle should be considered ovulatory pain; lower abdominal pain during menstruation is either primary dysmenorrhea or endometriosis; cyclic lower abdominal pain without menstruation is mostly due to obstruction of menstrual blood discharge (congenital vaginal malformation, postoperative uterine or cervical adhesions, etc.).
5, lower abdominal pain accompanied by symptoms – at the same time there is a history of menopause is related to pregnancy; with nausea, vomiting consider ovarian cyst torsion; with chills, fever is often pelvic inflammatory; with shock symptoms consider internal bleeding; appearing anal swelling is generally the uterine rectal sink with fluid; with cachexia is a manifestation of advanced cancer.
Lower abdominal mass
According to the different textures of lower abdominal masses, they can be divided into: cystic, generally benign lesions such as ovarian cysts, tubal effusion, etc.; solid masses, except for pregnant uterus, uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, uterine malformations, adnexal inflammatory masses, other solid masses should be considered malignant tumors first.
The above knowledge of these gynecological diseases, I hope it will help our compatriots, so that we can work together to do our own health care.