The formation of triglycerides includes two main ways: direct intake from food and synthesis by other substances.
1. Direct intake from food: triglycerides and long-chain fatty acids in lipid foods are absorbed in the lower duodenum and upper jejunum, and after a series of decomposition and synthesis processes, triglycerides are formed finally.
2. Synthesis using other substances: mainly using 3-phosphoglycerol produced by glucose catabolism as the starting material, 1,2-glycerol diesters are synthesized in the liver first, and finally triglycerides are synthesized by esterifying the hydroxyl group of triglycerol diesters.
Triglycerides are intermediate products of synthesis and catabolism of various lipids and glucose in the body, and their anabolism and catabolism are always in dynamic balance under normal conditions.