How to choose assistive devices for people with disabilities

  Assistive devices should be conceptually understood: the provision of assistive devices for the functionally impaired reflects society’s care for the disadvantaged, and has become a symbol of social development and social civilization. At present, the product development and application promotion of assistive devices are getting more and more attention and become the main component of social welfare provided by governments in various countries. With the development of China’s disabled cause, the configuration of assistive devices will become more and more popular, and more disabled people will live more conveniently through assistive devices.  For people with disabilities who use assistive devices, it is not the best if the price is high and the function is full, but the most important is the convenience and application. For example, for elderly hearing-impaired people, box-type hearing aids are suitable for their use because of their low price, long battery life and large size for easy identification and operation. Manual wheelchairs and transfer boards are more suitable for people with disabilities in small home environments than electric wheelchairs and transfer devices.  First, many assistive devices are part of the disabled person’s body. Many assistive devices have a compensatory function and will remain with the disabled person for life. Due to the long-term use and dependence, these assistive devices must be compatible with the part of the disabled person’s body, and the production materials should be strong and durable, non-toxic and harmless; in addition to the regular replacement of the assistive devices according to the age of use, they also need to be adjusted and updated with the changes of the disabled person’s physical condition.  For example, since cerebral palsy and paraplegia have difficulty controlling their own bodies, the backrest, cushions and armrests of wheelchairs they use should be adapted to the individual differences of users, which cannot be met by industrially produced wheelchairs and must be customized or modified by technicians under the guidance of doctors. The length of prosthetic limbs should be replaced and adjusted in time with the development of amputees.  Secondly, assistive devices involve various aspects of the lives of people with disabilities, and there are more than 3,000 kinds of commonly used assistive devices. For example, the blind cane can help the blind to travel; the blind table, voice calculator, voice prompt water overflow and other kinds of products can assist them to live; the blind special computer software and accessories can help them to apply the computer; the blind electronic navigation system can guide them to find the way home. Paraplegic people with disabilities can use beds that can be lifted up and down and all kinds of mobility devices to help them sit and lie down, go to the toilet and reduce the workload of caregivers; anti-decubitus pads and all kinds of incontinence products, fetchers and switches with remote control can improve their survival; with standing wheelchairs and electric wheelchairs, they can also stand and travel; orthopedic devices and all kinds of self-help devices can enable them to take care of their own lives to the greatest extent; computers equipped with special devices can help people with disabilities to live on their own. With computers equipped with special devices, even if the disabled have limited range of movement, they can control the computer by blowing and sucking, or even by turning their eyes.  Third, assistive devices can be used throughout the rehabilitation process of people with disabilities. Assistive devices can play various roles such as protection, fixation, training and assistance.  Take hemiplegic disabled people as an example, they need to be equipped with shoulder slings to fix shoulder joints to prevent dislocation in the early stage; when they start rehabilitation training, they need to learn to stand and walk with the help of standing beds, walking frames and parallel bars; when they have the ability to walk on their own, they can increase stability with the help of four-legged crutches, and configure orthopedic devices such as foot braces to prevent foot drop and improve gait; they can use various upper limb joint training devices, finger separation devices, wooden nail inserts, etc. They can also learn to use various life training aids to take care of themselves as much as possible; when they return home, they can continue to exercise with various training devices and install handrails on walls and toilets to help them walk and sit up.