The initials of the five eugenic tests in English are arranged to form the English word TORCH (torch, torch), so it is also called “TORCH test”. In general, the above five pathogens can infect the fetus through the placenta and birth canal, causing intrauterine infection, miscarriage, intrauterine growth retardation, stillbirth, congenital malformation, neonatal infection, and even adolescent developmental disorders. The clinical manifestations are complex and varied, ranging from invisible infection to overt infection, from fetal death to serious malformations and sequelae, and are a serious risk to the mother, fetus and newborn. Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women may cause hydrocephalus, microcephaly, and central nervous system malformation in the fetus; rubella virus infection may also infect the fetus and cause congenital cataract, eye defect, ear defect, deafness, microcephaly, heart malformation, etc., i.e. “congenital rubella syndrome”; cytomegalovirus Active infection with cytomegalovirus may cause fetal brain, central nervous system, retina and other dysplasia; herpes simplex virus infection may induce miscarriage, premature birth, malformation, etc. The test is performed to check for maternal infection with Toxoplasmosis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex virus in women preparing for pregnancy. The presence of antibodies to the above pathogens – IgM and IgG – in the maternal serum is an indicator of the presence of IgM, an acute antibody, indicating recent infection, and IgG, a chronic antibody, indicating previous infection. Toxoplasma gondii: The source of Toxoplasma gondii infection is animals, and the route of infection is through close contact with animals and raw meat consumption. Women who are planning to get pregnant can avoid Toxoplasma gondii infection by staying away from pets and animals and not consuming raw meat and milk products six months before pregnancy. Women with a history of animal contact or raw food habits can be tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies prior to pregnancy, and those who are IgM positive are advised to wait 3 months before pregnancy. Rubella virus: Rubella is an acute respiratory infection characterized by fever, rash and swollen lymph nodes behind the ears. Women who are planning to get pregnant should be tested for rubella virus antibodies six months before conception. If IgG antibodies are positive, this indicates a previous rubella virus infection and immunity, so there is no need for rubella virus-related antibody testing or rubella virus vaccination, and if rubella virus IgG antibodies are negative, rubella virus vaccination can be given three months before conception. Rubella vaccination is 98% effective and is a lifelong immunity. If the rubella vaccine is administered before pregnancy, first, you should use careful contraception and be sure not to conceive for 3 months; second, it is not necessary to retest for rubella virus-related antibodies in early pregnancy. If you have not been tested for rubella virus antibodies before pregnancy, and you are found to have rubella virus infection in early pregnancy, terminate the pregnancy and get pregnant after 6 months. Cytomegalovirus: There are no safe and effective therapeutic drugs for cytomegalovirus infection, and no vaccine is available. Primary infections in early pregnancy cause far more damage to the fetus than secondary infections, and preventive measures are mainly to detect primary infections in early pregnancy in a timely and accurate manner. Women who are planning to get pregnant can be tested for cytomegalovirus IgG antibodies before pregnancy, and those who are positive can stop doing the relevant tests, and primary infection will not usually occur after pregnancy, but secondary infection with flu-like symptoms after pregnancy cannot be ruled out. Those who are negative may be tested for cytomegalovirus IgG antibody affinity index and IgM antibody in early pregnancy. Herpes simplex virus: There are two types of herpes simplex virus, type I and type II. Type I mainly causes infections of the skin and mucous membranes and organs above the waist and outside the genitals, while type II mainly causes infections below the waist and in the genital area. Most adults in China have had herpes simplex virus type I infections, and most women have acquired specific antibodies against herpes simplex virus, so intrauterine infections caused by this type of virus rarely occur. According to the literature, only a dozen cases of intrauterine infection with herpes simplex virus occurred worldwide in the 20 years from 1983 to 2003. Therefore, basically, this test can be disregarded before and during pregnancy. If there are signs of herpes simplex virus infection in the genital tract during pregnancy and confirmed by laboratory tests, a cesarean section is recommended for delivery. Syphilis spirochete: Syphilis spirochete infection is one of the traditional classical STDs and a global sexually transmitted disease. In the last two to three decades, the incidence of the disease has been on the rise in China. Syphilis spirochete antibody test is performed before pregnancy, and those who are positive need further diagnosis and timely treatment. Cure before pregnancy. If infected early in pregnancy, you should receive regular treatment before 16 weeks of pregnancy.