As we enter the autumn and winter seasons, the number of children with colds and fevers will increase again, and pediatricians will enter another busy phase. In modern medicine, a cough lasting >4 weeks is called a chronic cough. By chronic cough, we mean a cough as the main manifestation with no abnormalities on chest X-ray, also known as a non-specific cough. The causes of chronic cough are as follows: 1. Respiratory infections and post-infection cough Respiratory infections caused by many pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia are common causes of chronic cough in children, mostly in preschool children <5 years of age. 2. Cough variant asthma These children often have episodes at night and/or early in the morning, with coughing aggravated by exercise or cold air, without obvious signs of infection, with no significant effect of antibiotic treatment, and with a history of allergic diseases (such as eczema, allergic rhinitis, etc.) including drug allergy, as well as a positive family history of allergic diseases (parents mostly have a history of similar eczema, allergic rhinitis or even asthma). 3. Upper airway cough syndrome Related to various rhinitis, sinusitis, chronic pharyngitis, chronic tonsillitis, nasal polyps, and adenoid hypertrophy, it is a cough caused by the backflow of nasal secretions through the posterior nasal orifice to the pharynx and stimulation. 4. Allergic (allergic) cough Clinically, some children with chronic cough have an atopic constitution and are effectively treated with anti-allergic drugs and glucocorticoids, but they are not asthmatic, so in recent years this type of cough is called allergic (allergic) cough. Foreign body inhalation is an important cause of chronic cough in children, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years, usually manifesting as paroxysmal violent choking cough, or as chronic cough with obstructive emphysema or pulmonary atelectasis. 6. Other rare causes Gastroesophageal reflux, eosinophilic bronchitis, congenital respiratory diseases, psychological factors, drug factors, middle ear lesion stimulation, etc. The chronic cough I see in TCM clinics is caused by post-infectious cough, upper airway cough syndrome, and allergic cough, of which post-infectious cough is the most common. Many parents often travel to and from TCM clinics because their children have a prolonged cough after catching a cold or fever, and after improving chest X-ray (or even chest CT), lung function, allergens, and many other tests, nothing is found, and clinical TCM treatment is The results of clinical treatment with Chinese and Western medicine are often poor. Chinese medicine believes that the pathogenesis of cough is due to the upward rebellion of lung qi, long-standing illnesses and internal deficiency. On the other hand, it is mostly due to the excessive use of antibiotics in western medicine and the abuse of bitter cold and heat-clearing medicines in Chinese medicine (there are many parents of children who took cold and heat-clearing Chinese medicines such as Lung Heat Cough and Asthma Oral Liquid and Lung Power Cough Compound during the acute phase of their initial fever and asthma, and then took them for 1-2 months after they were effective), without realizing that children "often have a deficiency of spleen" and that the spleen is the source of the lung. "This treatment injures the spleen and stomach, resulting in a deficiency of the lungs and spleen, which leads to a deficiency of both qi and yin, and a cough that does not heal for a long time, or even develops into asthma. Zhang Zhongjing proposes that "the spleen is not subject to evil in all seasons" and Li Dongyuan believes that "internal injury to the spleen and stomach causes all diseases". If there are irritating factors such as rhinitis and pharyngitis, and according to the specific situation of dialectical treatment, more can achieve good results.