Foreign body entry: In people’s daily life, foreign bodies often enter the human body to cause damage to the human body, the common ones are conjunctival foreign bodies, nasal foreign bodies, pharyngeal foreign bodies, esophageal foreign bodies, tracheal foreign bodies, etc. (A) conjunctival foreign body: refers to iron filings, grain, sand, dust, small insects and other foreign bodies into the eye, consciously feel a foreign body, eye pain or spicy pain, rubbing discomfort, tearing and other irritating symptoms, open the eyelid visible foreign body. The first thing to do is to determine whether the foreign body is in the upper or lower lid. If the foreign body is in the eye, although you feel uncomfortable, do not rub it with your hands to prevent the foreign body from rolling and damaging the eyeball, you should pull the eyelid loose and use tears to flush it away. 2, available saline or 3% boric acid rinse lid conjunctival sac. 3. If the above methods are not effective, a small sterile cotton swab dipped in a little saline can be used to gently pick up the foreign body. Then point anti-inflammatory eye drops. You can also use the patient’s handkerchief to fold and then wipe off the foreign body. 4, the above methods are not effective, quickly to the hospital for foreign body removal. (B) nasal foreign body: mostly seen in children playing, unintentionally beans, peanuts, buttons, beads or glass marbles, crayons or hard objects and other foreign objects into the nasal cavity, or accidents such as metal pieces, glass pieces flying into the nasal cavity; its performance is, general blunt foreign body, symptoms are not obvious, such as beans, peanuts can be swollen in the nasal cavity within a few hours, blocking the nostrils, sneezing, decay when there is purulent secretions. And sharp or coarse foreign body, easy to cause nasal cavity damage. Bleeding, ulcers, not removed in time, easy to form infection and septicemia, etc. On-site first aid 1. Different forms of foreign bodies entering the nasal cavity are handled in different ways. Most of the foreign bodies just entering the nasal cavity stay in the nasal mouth, so you can press the nostril on the healthy side and blow your nose hard. For older children who are sensible, this method can be used to discharge foreign bodies. However, it is not recommended for children under three years old. It is easy to inhale the foreign body into the trachea because of poor cooperation, which can lead to airway blockage and choking. 2.For nasal foreign bodies that cannot be blown or have entered deep into the nasal cavity, a probe can be used to find out the shape and nature of the foreign body and then remove it with hooks or tweezers. Do not use tweezers to hold the garden-shaped foreign body, so as not to slide to the depths. For sharp foreign body or too large foreign body piercing, send to hospital quickly. (C) pharyngeal foreign body: common are fish spikes, bone fragments, kernels, needles, wheat mangoes, etc., the elderly dentures can also cause. The foreign body is located in the nasopharynx, oropharynx and larynx. On-site first aid 1, nasopharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal foreign body, must be handled by a specialist in the hospital. 2, oropharyngeal foreign bodies, whether fish spikes, bone fragments, stitches, etc. are easy to pierce the tonsils of the oropharynx or its nearby tissues, to sufficient light, direct light in the oropharynx, let the patient open wide, quiet breathing, tongue pressure or chopsticks to press the tongue downward, so that the pharynx is clearly exposed, using forceps or pliers to hold the dial out. There is a folklore of fish stab foreign body let the patient drink vinegar or gargle pharynx, so that it softened and removed, no scientific basis, undesirable. 3, do not take out from the person, do not force, quickly sent to the hospital for medical treatment. (D) foreign body in the esophagus: Most of them occur at the opening of the upper end of the esophagus, often metal, rings, needles and other foreign bodies pierced into the esophagus when swallowing, showing a foreign body feeling, pain, etc. Once a foreign body in the esophagus, do not eat again, so as not to push the foreign body deeper, aggravating the damage and danger. On-site first aid 1, after the occurrence of foreign bodies in the esophagus, should be temporarily prohibited from eating and drinking to keep quiet, do not use water to drink and eat water method to flush foreign bodies. 2, into the esophagus smooth foreign body or ring foreign body, can be discharged with the stool itself, let the patient eat more vegetables rich in coarse fiber, such as long leeks, do not guide diarrhea. 3, into the esophagus sharp foreign body, such as stitches, knife, fish spikes and other easy to cause perforation of the esophagus and gastrointestinal, should be closely observed to prevent bleeding and infection. And send to the hospital for further examination and treatment. (E) tracheal foreign body: tracheal foreign body mostly occurs in children. For some reason, peanuts, melon seeds, date kernels, pins, pins, buttons, coins, etc. are inadvertently inhaled into the trachea. To cause tracheal stimulation, sudden combustion appears violent choking cough, croup, foreign body blocking the trachea, there can be breath-holding, hoarseness, pale or blue face, breathing difficulties, and even asphyxiation. On-site first aid 1, first remove vomit or food residue from the nose and mouth. 2.Maneuvers to exclude foreign bodies from the trachea: (1) Diaphragmatic subabdominal compression boxing method. After the rescuer stands at the patient’s side, turn both arms around the patient’s waist and abdomen. One hand according to the fist, with the side of the thumb (radial side) top in the midpoint of the fenestra and umbilicus line, the other hand overlap in the hand of the fist, upward and inward violent pressure on the abdomen, squeeze to fast and strong, pressure after relaxation, repeated operations to drive out foreign bodies, but should be careful not to press both sides of the midline; (2) buckle back method. In standing first aid, the rescuer stands behind the patient’s side, places one arm on the patient’s chest, surrounds the patient, and gives four consecutive, sharp and strong taps on the spine of the interscapular region with the palm root of the other hand to facilitate the discharge of foreign bodies. For prone patients, let the patient bend the knees and curl up, facing the rescuer, while the rescuer with knees and thighs against the patient’s chest, with the root of the palm in the interscapular region of the spine four consecutive powerful taps, so that the foreign body discharged. 3, children’s first aid techniques: let the child lying prone between the legs, head low feet high, and then use the palm of the hand force in the child’s two interscapular spine four times in a row, if it does not work, the child turned into supine back against the legs of the rescuer, and then the rescuer with the index and middle fingers to squeeze the upper abdomen backwards, pressure after relaxation repeatedly to help foreign bodies discharge.