Congenital biliary atresia is a disease caused by blockage of the bile ducts inside and outside the liver, resulting in siltation cirrhosis, which can eventually lead to liver failure and death. It is also one of the most important gastrointestinal surgical diseases in pediatric surgery. Children with congenital biliary atresia can be cured with timely and effective treatment, and surgery is currently the only way to cure them. Congenital biliary atresia is caused by a congenital defect in the growth and development of the biliary tract in newborns, resulting in localized or widespread poor biliary drainage, which can cause severe obstructive jaundice, which can affect the growth and development of the newborn and even endanger life. In congenital biliary atresia, if surgical treatment is detected in time to contact the obstruction, the bile can be drained smoothly and the child will survive. However, for a variety of reasons, such as failure to detect the problem in time and the child himself, the surgery can fail, so congenital biliary atresia can theoretically be cured, but the overall cure rate is not high. Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for congenital biliary atresia that has progressed to the end stage, but it can only be performed in a limited way due to economic conditions, liver donor and other factors. If a child is found to have congenital biliary atresia, then he or she needs to be treated with surgery in a timely manner, otherwise the mortality rate of infants and children due to this disease is relatively high.