Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis may usually have a small amount of hemoptysis or blood in sputum, but the amount of blood is not large and usually does not pose a great danger to the patient. However, it should be noted that when winter comes, TB patients, especially elderly patients or those with a long history of disease and poor health, should still be highly alert to complications of hemoptysis. Why is hemoptysis prone to occur in winter due to the cold weather, dry climate and relatively low humidity in the air, which on the one hand can easily cause upper respiratory tract infections in patients, aggravate cough and sputum symptoms, and cause vascular damage or rupture of angiomas due to increased intrapulmonary pressure during each cough, resulting in hemoptysis; on the other hand, under the condition of excessively dry respiratory tract mucosa, small local blood vessels are easily damaged, and coupled with inflammatory stimulation, they dilate and once ruptured, bleeding increases. On the other hand, in the case of excessive dryness of the respiratory mucosa, the small local blood vessels are easily damaged and dilated by inflammatory stimulation, and once they rupture, bleeding increases, which also causes hemoptysis. The combined effect of these two factors may cause tuberculosis hemoptysis. Patients may experience chest tightness, shortness of breath, itchy throat, cough and other aura, followed by hemoptysis of varying degrees. If there is a lot of bleeding, the patient is often irritable, nervous, chest tightness, and cyanosis. Severe hemoptysis may cause hemorrhagic shock or asphyxia due to clot obstruction of the airway.