When retroperitoneal lymph node swelling occurs after chemotherapy for bowel cancer, it is necessary to contact the relevant doctors in time and improve the examination to know the specific metastasis of lymph nodes. When bowel cancer patients develop retroperitoneal lymph node swelling after chemotherapy, at this time, it is necessary to perfect hematological examination such as tumor markers and compare the situation of peritoneal lymph nodes with the last CT examination. If lymph node metastasis occurs, it is necessary to change the treatment plan in time, such as radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and so on. For bowel cancer patients, surgical resection is still the main treatment method, and preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the surgical efficacy to a certain extent. In addition, they should pay attention to balanced nutrition, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and quit smoking and drinking.