Breast disease is a major disease that endangers women’s physical and mental health, and if not treated in a timely manner or improperly, it can become pathological and even life-threatening in serious cases, so early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are especially important. Contemporary women should be aware of breast diseases and master certain self-examination methods so that they can prevent them before they happen. The symptoms of breast diseases are mainly breast pain, breast lumps and nipple overflow, of which breast pain accounts for 70% to 80%, breast lumps account for 80% and nipple overflow accounts for 20% to 25% of benign breast diseases. Most breast diseases have breast lumps, but it is not the feeling of a lump to the touch that means you have a breast disease. The breast tissue in a normal breast. Some young women have an uneven distribution of breast glands and feel the feeling of thick and thin particles, this is a normal physiological phenomenon and there is no need to worry about it. However, patients should be especially alert if they touch a new lump. When a breast lump is found, attention should be paid to the site, shape, size, texture, border and growth rate of the lump. Of course, judging these requires extensive clinical experience and the basis provided by some auxiliary examinations. However, women should be properly informed about some general knowledge of breast diseases to help protect themselves better. Simply put, benign lumps are regular in shape, with clear borders, and the number of lumps can be multiple, firm, mostly hardening before menstruation, with greater mobility and no change in the surface skin of most breasts, and slow growth; in contrast, malignant lumps are irregular in shape, with blurred borders and uneven surfaces, with one lump on one side, hard as stone, unrelated to the menstrual cycle, with poor mobility. The skin around the surface of the breast may appear “orange peel-like” or “dimple-like”, and the lump may grow rapidly, to the size of a fist, in a few months. Pain is also a common symptom of breast disease. If the pain is episodic and often starts before menstruation or worsens before menstruation, but can be relieved or disappears after menstruation, the pain is swelling or pins and needles, sometimes involving the ipsilateral axilla or back of the shoulder, with mild to moderate local tenderness, it is considered to be a hyperplastic lesion; if the pain in the breast is only a mild vague or dull pain, with no obvious regularity. If the pain in the breast is only mild, vague or dull, with no obvious regularity, or even if there is no obvious pain in the breast, but only pain in the armpit or back of the shoulder, it is important to know that such breast pain may be a sign of early malignant disease in the breast and should be taken seriously. Nipple discharge is also one of the common symptoms of breast disease, second only to breast lumps and breast pain. Usually, bilateral, milk-like discharge is often physiological, while unilateral, yellowish or clear water-like or bloody discharge is a cause for alarm. Pale yellow and clear water-like overflow is more common and is seen in almost all kinds of breast diseases, although mastopexy is the most common, some of them are intraductal papilloma or breast cancer; bloody overflow, which is expressed in different colors such as bright red, coffee, pale yellow or brown, such overflow is a danger sign and should be highly alert, of which 50-75% are intraductal papilloma and 15% of breast cancer, such as bloody If the overflow occurs after menopause, then 75% is breast cancer. At the same time, we should also pay attention to whether the overflow is real or pseudo-overflow. Pseudo-overflow is common in those with sunken nipples, as the epidermal cells of the nipple accumulate in the sunken area, causing a small amount of liquid-like bean curd-like exudate, which often has a foul odor. Once the sunken nipple is pulled out and the area is kept clean, the “overflow” will disappear. In recent years, the global incidence of breast disease has been increasing year by year, and the age of onset is trending younger. Since the 1970s, the American Cancer Society has been implementing a breast cancer screening program to detect breast cancer in asymptomatic women, in which breast self-examination is an easy, non-destructive and effective method for women to master and adopt, and has been endorsed by most scholars worldwide. First of all, it is very important to choose the right time for self-examination. Self-examination does not need to be too frequent, but once a month for women over 18 years old, preferably within 10 days after menstruation, when the breast tissue is relatively thin and easy to examine. After choosing a good time, the first step to look at: the mirror before the examination. First of all, stand in front of the mirror, bare your upper body, arms hanging down naturally, and observe whether the shape of your breast size is symmetrical, however, one breast is slightly larger than the other, not abnormal phenomenon. Next, raise your arms above your head and rotate your body to see if there is any change in the shape of your breasts. Then, slowly rotate your body with your arms crossed to the right and left to see if there is any dimpling, redness or skin damage to the nipples and breasts. Finally, place your palms on your hips and press down hard while rotating your body so that the contours of your breasts appear clear. Pay attention to the comparison with the other side to inspect whether the bilateral breasts are symmetrical, and if they are not, be alert and seek medical attention promptly. The second step of palpation: check in the standing or sitting position. First, raise your left hand behind your head and then use your right hand to examine the left breast. The correct way to check: three fingers together, starting from 12 o’clock above the breast (compare the breast to a clock), use your fingers to massage the skin in the direction of the clock for a circular check, after each check circle back to 12 o’clock, move down 2 cm to do the second circle, the third circle check, to check the whole breast up to the nipple. Check the fingers can not be detached from the skin, the force should be uniform, master the strength of the fingers can touch the rib cage as appropriate. This method is known as the acupressure cycle massage method. After examining the left breast, use the same method to examine the right side. Reclining position: The body lies flat on the bed, with a small pillow or folded towel under the shoulder, so that the whole breast is flat against the chest wall, in order to check whether there are any abnormal lumps in the breast. Since the breasts sag in sitting or standing position, especially for fat women, it is easy to miss the lumps located in the lower part of the breasts, so the prone position examination is also very necessary. The scope and technique of the examination is the same as that of the sitting or standing examination. The third step is to squeeze. After examining the entire breast, use the index finger, middle finger and thumb to gently lift the nipple and squeeze it to carefully check for any discharge.