A new approach to the treatment of tic disorders – CBIT

  CBIT stands for Comprehensive Behavioral Treatment for Tics, and its core component is Reverse Habit Training (HRT), which includes tic vigilance training and oppositional response training that disrupts the tic cycle. CBIT has been shown to be effective in reducing tics, and research by John Piacentini, a professor in the Department of Mental Health at the University of California, has shown that CBIT is as effective as medication without the side effects of medication.  CBIT is a behavior therapy that has been scientifically proven to be effective for tic disorders, and its core component is reverse habit training, which is recommended as the first line of treatment for tic disorders in the 2011 European Clinical Guidelines.  Reverse habit training is one of the most widely studied behavioral therapies for tics to date. It provides a series of techniques to help patients become aware of the occurrence of tics and to perform oppositional response training to interrupt and stop the tics. Many uncontrolled studies have reported that reverse habit training can reduce tic symptoms by 30-100%. 8 randomized double-blind controlled trials (the most scientifically significant studies) have suggested that reverse habit training is effective. These studies suggest that this therapy is effective for both vocal and motor tics, for both pediatric and adult patients, for those with or without combined medication, for both severity and frequency of tics, and that it does not cause symptom substitution.  Since scientific studies and clinical practice have confirmed that CBIT is essentially equivalent to medication in the treatment of tics, why are many clinical practitioners unfamiliar with it? A large part of the reason is that professionals currently generally believe that tic disorders are associated with neurobiological abnormalities, so it becomes difficult to understand why behavioral therapies would alter these abnormalities.  In fact, clinicians might consider the cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, depression, and anorexia nervosa, which also have neurobiological abnormalities, but at the same time professionals generally accept that these disorders respond well to cognitive and behavioral interventions.