Perianal abscess is a purulent disease caused by anal sinus infection, and the treatment is usually based on surgical treatment. Perianal abscess is an acute suppurative infectious disease that occurs around the anus, anal canal and rectum, mainly caused by bacterial infection, improper treatment to form an anal fistula. Bacterial infection of the anal sinus, resulting in its inflammation and thus blocking the opening of the anal glands, causing anal gland infection, the infection can be spread to the perianal space through the muscle space, lymphatic vessels, thus forming perianal abscess. Clinical symptoms of perianal abscess mainly include perianal lump, increased pain, difficulty in defecation, etc. If accompanied by skin ulceration, there will be pus overflow. Some patients are accompanied by fever, nausea, generalized weakness and other systemic symptoms. The general treatment principle of perianal abscess is surgery for abscess incision and drainage, at the same time for anti-infection treatment, mainly for the use of antibiotics, such as cephalosporin, penicillin, metronidazole and other drugs, serious cases also need systemic supportive therapy. After incision and drainage of perianal abscess surgery, make sure to do a good job of perianal cleaning care, regular disinfection and change of medication, keep the drainage smooth, observe the healing of the wound, and return to the hospital regularly for follow-up. It is recommended that once the symptoms of perianal abscess appear, go to the hospital in time for examination, clear diagnosis, treatment as soon as possible, to avoid delaying the condition, the drug should be applied under the guidance of the doctor.