The application of medical aesthetic principles in oral and maxillofacial-head and neck tumor surgery is a topic of great interest. In the clinical practice of oral and maxillofacial tumors, many clinical practices that conform to the principles of aesthetics have been carried out and applied for a long time, such as the conventional S-shaped incision for parotidectomy and the rectangular-like incision for cervical lymphatic dissection, etc. However, it is rarely reported to be generalized and summarized from the discipline theory. Medical aesthetics is the study of beauty and aesthetics in the field of medicine, and medical aesthetics is a discipline about medical beauty and medical aesthetics. The application of medical aesthetics theory in the field of aesthetic medicine has promoted the establishment and development of aesthetic surgery, aesthetic dermatology, aesthetic dentistry and other branches of aesthetic medicine, especially the establishment and rapid development of aesthetic surgery. In recent years, many clinical medicine workers have learned from clinical practice that the concept of medical aesthetics is not only reflected in the clinical practice of aesthetic medicine, but also in the clinical practice of other clinical medicine specialties. While treating their respective diseases and restoring the health of patients, doctors of various specialties in clinical medicine are also striving to minimize damage and destruction of human appearance, to maintain the integrity of the normal skin of the human body to the maximum extent possible, and strive to maximize the sublimation of the goal of beauty, are consciously and unconsciously applying the concept of medical aesthetics and the technology of cosmetic surgery, to serve the beautification of life. The application of the principles of medical aesthetics and clinical practice of the Department of the number of clinical application of a wide range, unprecedented. The previous concept of fully exposed surgery has changed. Under the premise of ensuring the effect of surgery, the concept of reducing incisions, hidden incisions, and circuitous routes is gradually accepted by clinicians, with the aim of reducing damage, maintaining the existing appearance of the body, and reducing the damage to the external appearance of the human body and beauty. So that cosmetic surgery technology like microsurgery technology, minimally invasive surgery technology, generalized into a “technology” and widely used in clinical departments. At present our medical education and medical practice, although for the harm of the disease is more important, for the treatment may cause harm to the patient’s life essential organs and the patient’s recent pain is also more important, but for the treatment itself may give the patient’s psychological feelings, the patient’s family and social life brings long-term adverse effects often pay insufficient attention. Medical professionals often consider the avoidance of loss of life as the whole purpose of malignant tumor treatment, ignoring the other treatment goal that is very important to patients, namely, to achieve the best quality of life for them. Long-term quality of life issues, especially psychological issues, are often not studied and taken seriously as a serious, general and routine clinical issue. Striving for a good quality of life with the same chance of survival is inevitably the general trend in disease treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss and study the theory and clinical practice related to the application of medical aesthetic principles in oral and maxillofacial-head and neck tumor surgery.