Cardiovascular disease is called “the killer of human health” and has become an important cause of death in China besides cancer, of which coronary heart disease is the most important one. It is estimated that more than 1 million people die from various coronary heart diseases in China every year, and coronary heart disease has become a disease that increasingly threatens people’s physical and mental health and life safety. Because many people lack sufficient knowledge about coronary heart disease, they only go to the hospital when the disease becomes very serious, which misses the best treatment method and time, and many patients die suddenly as a result. So, what is coronary heart disease, who is prone to coronary heart disease, how to deal with coronary heart disease, what are the main methods of medical treatment for coronary heart disease, and what matters should we pay attention to in our daily life? Coronary heart disease is very close to us Coronary heart disease is short for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, it is due to the supply of the heart’s blood vessels – coronary arteries occurred due to atherosclerosis, this atherosclerotic plaque accumulation on the coronary artery intima, like aging water pipes, the more garbage accumulation, the narrower the lumen. Over time, the water flow will eventually be blocked. In the coronary arteries, this is manifested as reduced myocardial blood flow and insufficient oxygen supply to the heart, resulting in a series of ischemic manifestations. Such as chest tightness, breath-holding, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and even sudden death. The disease occurs mostly after the age of 40, more men than women, more mental than physical workers, more urban than rural areas, the average prevalence is about 6.49 per thousand, and the prevalence increases with age, is the most common cardiovascular disease in the elderly. In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standards, the prevalence of coronary heart disease in China is increasing year by year, and the age of the disease tends to be younger. Research data show that: the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis in people aged 10-20 can reach 13.3%, so it can be said that almost all people will produce some kind of program of atherosclerosis, only that some people have not developed enough to show clinical symptoms. People who are long-term smokers, obese, suffer from hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are susceptible to coronary heart disease. According to these risk factors of coronary heart disease, take appropriate prevention and control measures will receive very good results. Coronary heart disease is not terrible Even if you are found to have coronary heart disease, do not panic. There are many ways to treat coronary heart disease, and many patients can receive appropriate treatment with precise results as long as they are seen in time. After proper treatment, many patients not only have their symptoms disappear completely, but also can return to work. There are three main treatments for coronary artery disease, namely drug therapy, interventional therapy (PTCA and endovascular stenting) and surgical bypass surgery. Drug therapy is the most basic treatment, and once diagnosed, drug therapy should be maintained for life in any patient. However, when drug therapy is ineffective or ineffective, coronary angiography should be done as soon as possible to make a detailed evaluation of the coronary lesions, and then decide whether to choose interventional therapy and/or bypass surgery according to the patient’s coronary lesions and the patient’s financial status. Interventional treatment is less invasive, faster recovery, and can quickly resolve coronary artery stenosis, relieve myocardial ischemia, and improve quality of life. The disadvantages are that it is expensive, some patients are not suitable for interventional treatment, and some patients may experience reoccurrence of stenosis within the placed stent, and the long-term effect is not as good as that of bypass surgery. Coronary artery bypass: stopping and not stopping Coronary artery bypass surgery is more traumatic than medical treatment, but the operation is reliable and can be performed on all coronary arteries with stenosis, and the cost is low. According to the guidelines of coronary artery disease treatment in China and the United States, coronary artery bypass surgery is mainly suitable for the following cases: 1, angina pectoris, especially those with frequent attacks even at rest (medically known as unstable angina pectoris), and the treatment with drugs is ineffective. 2, Coronary angiography confirms a limited stenosis of the main coronary artery of 50% or more, with a patent distal end of the stenosis and a coronary artery diameter greater than 1.0 mm. 3.Left coronary artery trunk lesion or multi-branch lesion. The material of the vascular bridge is taken from the patient’s own saphenous vein or internal mammary artery, radial artery, etc. as graft material, and one end is anastomosed to the aorta and one end is anastomosed to the distal end of the diseased coronary artery, and the blood from the aorta is directed to the distal end of the coronary artery stenosis through the vascular bridge so as to change the blood supply to the ischemic myocardium, which has good effect on relieving angina pectoris. At present, the success rate of the procedure has reached more than 98%, and the long-term results are excellent. According to the statistics, the ten-year patency rate of venous bridge is about 80%, and the ten-year patency rate of arterial bridge is more than 90%, which is better than drug treatment and interventional treatment in terms of treatment effect and quality of life. There are two common methods of coronary artery bypass surgery: one is to stop the heart with special drugs, and the blood of the whole body is led to a special machine outside the body (medically called extracorporeal circulation machine), which drives the blood flow and oxygenates the blood in the machine, and then sutures the blood vessels in the stopped heart. The advantage of this method is that it is easy to operate and can be performed in a quiet, bloodless field of view, but the disadvantage is that it is very invasive and produces more complications after surgery. Another method is to perform the anastomosis directly on the beating heart without stopping the heart, with the help of a special fixator, which is called non-stop bypass. This method is known as non-stop bypass. Because it is performed on a beating heart, it is difficult to operate and requires a high level of surgical skill, but it has the advantage of being less invasive, does not require stopping the heart, and has a faster recovery. After the bypass, it is necessary to protect the bridge. In addition to taking aspirin and other anti-platelet aggregation drugs for life, controlling hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and other diseases, coronary heart disease patients should also strengthen physical exercise, smokers should completely quit smoking. When choosing foods for postoperative patients, attention should be paid to choosing foods with low fat and cholesterol content, but more vitamins, dietary fiber, beneficial inorganic salts and trace elements, and with hypolipidemic and anti-suspicious blood effects. The following types of food can be chosen: (1) food that can be eaten freely: including various cereals (especially coarse grains) and bean products. Eat more vegetables (such as onions, garlic, golden cauliflower, mung bean sprouts, lentils, etc.), mushrooms and algae (such as mushrooms, fungus, seaweed, nori, etc.) and fruits and other foods. (2) Foods to eat appropriately: such as lean meat, including lean pork, beef and poultry meat (skinless); fish, including most river fish and sea fish; milk, including defatted milk and its products; eggs, including egg whites and whole eggs (2-3 per week). Cook with vegetable oils. (3) Eat less or avoid food: mainly animal fat, such as lard, butter, mutton fat, chicken fat, etc.; fatty meat, including fatty meat of pigs, cattle and sheep; animal brain, bone marrow, offal, egg yolk, fish roe; mollusks and shellfish, as well as sugar, alcohol, tobacco and chocolate.