With the accelerated pace of modern urban life, the middle-aged and elderly are no longer the only group with a high incidence of cervical and lumbar spondylosis, and the working class is gradually becoming an important part of patients with cervical and lumbar spondylosis due to their high workload. Especially in autumn and winter – the high incidence of cervical and lumbar spondylosis – the weather gradually becomes colder and the number of patients with cervical and lumbar spondylosis gradually increases. In order to meet social development and the needs of patients, minimally invasive treatment was introduced in China at the end of the last century, and has gradually gained recognition for its ability to “reduce the physiological and psychological trauma of patients to a minimum”, and is slowly gaining respect in the medical community. Today, let’s learn about the symptoms and classification of cervical and lumbar spondylosis, the specific problems we should pay attention to in daily life, the concept and characteristics of minimally invasive therapy, minimally invasive techniques for treating cervical and lumbar disc herniation, and the specific embodiment of the advantages of minimally invasive techniques. I. What are the symptoms and high prevalence of cervical and lumbar spondylosis 1. (2) Vertebral artery type: The symptoms include numbness of the limbs, dizziness, and even sudden collapse due to ischemia in the brainstem, cerebellum, and occipital lobe of the brain caused by the compression of the vertebral artery by the bone spur. (3) Sympathetic type: The main symptoms are sympathetic nerve stimulation causing head and occipital pain, migraine, cold limbs, panic, and scalp edema. (4) Spinal cord type: The main symptoms are compression of the spinal cord, resulting in tightness of the limbs, unstable walking, drifting, and a feeling of stepping on cotton, trembling of the upper limbs, numbness, difficulty in holding things, and in severe cases, difficulty in breathing and spastic paralysis. 2, lumbar spondylosis manifested as: herniated intervertebral disc, the symptoms of which are lumbar pain, lower limb radioactive pain, numbness, muscle strength loss or paralysis; spinal stenosis, mainly manifested as lumbar leg pain, lower limb numbness and weakness, intermittent claudication, the main symptoms of bone spur compression, stimulation of the central nerve, causing local pain and swelling, numbness and pain in one or both lower limbs; lumbar muscle strain, lumbar long-term recurrent pain, rainy days, The condition is aggravated by cold and wet weather or after exertion. 3, the high prevalence of cervical and lumbar spondylosis is mainly: first of all, the middle-aged and elderly people and people who maintain a fixed posture for a long time, such as: teachers, salesmen, etc.. Due to the long-term lack of physical exercise, the lumbar spine is subjected to prolonged static pressure and is highly susceptible to lesions. Intervertebral disc herniation is mostly seen clinically in young adults aged 20-40. In addition to a few caused by trauma, the vast majority of people lack health care knowledge, do not pay attention to rest, caused by the degeneration of muscle strain. In particular, some drivers and copywriters often suffer from neck and shoulder discomfort, lumbago, leg pain, numbness and other symptoms due to incorrect sitting or sedentary posture, which eventually leads to the occurrence of cervical and lumbar spondylosis. Second, what is minimally invasive therapy? What are the advantages of minimally invasive technology? Minimally invasive technology is the application of contemporary advanced electronic, electrothermal, optical and other equipment and technology, electronic mirror image instead of direct vision, the use of modern physical instruments instead of open surgery, and strive to complete the targeted treatment of the lesion with the smallest incision path and the least tissue damage. Minimally invasive surgery has the advantages of less trauma, less pain and faster recovery. It fully considers the psychological and physiological characteristics of the patient, maximizes the consideration of the patient and reduces the patient’s pain. At present, minimally invasive technology has been widely used in the treatment of cervical and lumbar spondylolisthesis protrusion in China. What are the main treatments of minimally invasive technology? 1.Laser intervertebral disc vaporization decompression (PLDD): PLDD is the most common and mature method for the treatment of herniated intervertebral disc in the world, and its biggest advantage is that it overcomes the complications and trauma caused by postoperative spinal instability and nerve root adhesions and epidural hematoma caused by surgical procedures. 2.Ozone medullary nucleus ablation: This technique uses the oxidizing ability of ozone, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects to destroy the proteoglycans in the nucleus pulposus tissue without hurting the surrounding nerve tissue, and the ozone molecules are absorbed by the body after 30 minutes, which is safe and reliable, with rapid efficacy and walking after surgery. This technology is the least traumatic, the least side effects, the safest disc treatment in modern times. 3, chemical molecular knife lysis disc (i.e. collagenase lysis disc): the basic principle of this technology is to use the hydrolysis of protease to dissolve the nucleus pulposus tissue, resulting in the reduction of pressure within the disc, so that the nerve root compression can be lifted, is also a very high demand for clinicians, targeted disc technology. 4.Radiofrequency targeted ablation repair: this therapy for cervical spondylosis has the characteristics of small trauma, high safety factor, little patient pain, fast effect and low risk. This technology is accurate positioning under CT or C-type X-ray machine, time monitoring under digital subtraction, and direct denaturation of the herniated nucleus pulposus under the precise guidance of the navigation system, coagulation, contraction and volume reduction, and release of compression. Reduce the injury to the normal nucleus pulposus, repair the rupture of the fibrous ring, block the release of glycoprotein and beta protein in the nucleus pulposus, and the warming effect plays a good therapeutic role on the injured fibrous ring, edematous nerve roots, and inflammatory reactions inside and outside the spinal canal. 5.Low-temperature plasma ablation: through the plasma knife to act on the energy inside the intervertebral disc, and the use of low-temperature thermal coagulation adjustment function, so that the nucleus pulposus volume reduction, reduce the pressure in the intervertebral disc, so as to relieve the elimination of nerve root compression when the disc protrusion and achieve the purpose of treatment, is the most gentle disc treatment technology for the fibrous ring and the nucleus pulposus. 6.Percutaneous disc spinotomy: Under X-ray fluoroscopy, a fine guide needle is used to puncture into the diseased intervertebral disc, and the annular drill of the rotary attractor is used to reciprocate and rotate to cut the nucleus pulposus tissue to reduce the volume of the nucleus pulposus, so that the pressure in the disc is reduced, thus reducing the pressure and irritation on the nerve roots. It is a manual electro-mechanical resection technique. Fourth, the prevention and treatment of cervical and lumbar spondylosis 1, pay attention to the neck and lumbar warmth: avoid cold in the neck and lumbar region, especially in winter, to eliminate the triggering factors of cervical and lumbar spondylosis. Also pay attention to not going out immediately after bathing to avoid the cervical spine from getting cold. 2, correct the bad posture in life to prevent chronic injury: bad posture in work and life is the main reason for the formation of chronic strain injury. In addition to using a variety of ergonomic equipment at work, after working continuously for a period of time, you should get up and move your neck and waist so that the tense muscles can be relaxed. Move! Quiet! Combination of health medicine 3, a reasonable pillow, a reasonable choice of bed: sleeping position should make the head and neck to maintain a natural supine position is the most ideal, it is best to lie flat on a hard bed, so that the knees, hips slightly flexed. Such a position can make the whole body muscles, ligaments and joint capsules to obtain maximum relaxation and rest. In addition, the pillow is too high or too low for the cervical and lumbar spine is also very unfavorable. 4, strengthen physical exercise: choose some suitable sports, such as swimming, playing ball and other sports, exercise to enhance muscle strength and strengthen physical fitness, can also prevent the occurrence of cervical and lumbar spondylosis.