The main goal of treating hypertension is to minimize the overall risk of cardiovascular complications and death; therefore, all other reversible cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., smoking, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes) should be intervened along with the treatment of hypertension, and all concurrent clinical conditions should be appropriately addressed. The greater the number of risk factors, the more severe they are, and if there are also clinical conditions, the higher the absolute risk of cardiovascular disease and the greater the intervention should be for these risk factors. The relationship between cardiovascular risk and blood pressure is continuous over a wide range, and there is no clear minimum risk threshold even in the so-called normal blood pressure range below 140/90 mmHg. Therefore, blood pressure lowering should be achieved as much as possible. A recent pooled analysis of previous antihypertensive clinical trials found that in high-risk patients, despite interventions for BP lowering, lipid regulation, and other risk factors, the patient’s cardiovascular “residual risk” remains high and the long-term prognosis is not fundamentally improved. In order to change this situation, early and effective interventions are needed, i.e., more aggressive treatment of low- and intermediate-risk patients and effective treatment of any detected subclinical target organ damage, in order to prevent or delay the progression of disease into the high-risk stage in such patients. In people with blood pressure in the high normal range, antihypertensive treatment can prevent or delay the development of hypertension, but whether antihypertensive treatment can reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications has yet to be studied in large-scale clinical trials. The goal of blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients: in general hypertensive patients, blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) should be lowered to less than 140/90 mmHg; in elderly people aged 65 and above, systolic blood pressure should be controlled to less than 150 mmHg, and can be further reduced if tolerated; in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, or stable coronary heart disease or cerebrovascular disease, treatment should be more individualized, generally The blood pressure can be lowered to less than 130/80 mmHg. Patients with severe renal disease or diabetes mellitus, or with coronary artery disease or cerebrovascular disease in the acute phase, should have their blood pressure managed according to the relevant guidelines. Patients with coronary artery disease whose diastolic blood pressure is less than 60 mmHg should gradually achieve blood pressure reduction with close monitoring of blood pressure.