The current methods of eradication are liver transplantation, total surgical resection, and fractionated ablation therapy. I major in minimally invasive ablation, sometimes the tumor can not be ablated at once, but I can ablate again after a week to achieve complete ablation, today I did 8 surgeries, just home, 6 high difficulty, one of the 72-year-old is to be divided into two ablative radical treatment, today with a large needle to do is 7 cm, tomorrow you can go down and live on your own, 1 week later and then with a small needle to do left 2 cm, and a 1 cm, do More, in fact, is very simple, but after surgery if 1 week after another knife, I’m afraid that no one can stand.
1, simple surgical treatment
Indications: Radical treatment of early, middle and limited tumors, palliative treatment of advanced tumors.
Advantages: Surgery is a mechanical means to temporarily remove large tumors, and there is no problem of chemotherapy resistance and radiation resistance.
Disadvantages: It is more invasive, difficult to operate in some parts, ineffective for subclinical metastases, and has certain limitations in treatment, cannot completely destroy cancer cells, and the cancer cells will grow again within a certain period of time.
2.Liver transplantation
Indications: Radical treatment for early, middle and limited tumors (tumors up to 3 cm, total number but 3, single tumor diameter <5 cm), otherwise prone to recurrence, cirrhosis liver function grade B and C (jaundice: total bilirubin: >50umol/L) and treatment of liver cancer.
Advantages: it can solve the problems of tumor and cirrhosis, ascites and jaundice at the same time.
Disadvantages: it is very traumatic, difficult to operate, ineffective for subclinical metastases, and the cancer cells will grow again within a certain period of time. Because of taking immunosuppressive drugs after surgery, the possibility of tumor metastasis and recurrence is higher, therefore, small hepatocellular carcinoma with grade A liver function can be treated without liver replacement.
3.Simple embolization therapy
Indications: <70% of liver volume, palliative treatment for tumors in compensated liver function.
Advantages: minimally invasive surgery, repeatable, can be done once a week for huge tumors, fast recovery after surgery.
Disadvantages: It is difficult to completely destroy cancer cells, and the tumor continues to grow within a certain period of time.
4.Simple physical ablation therapy
Indications: Radical treatment of early, middle and limited solid tumors, minimally invasive radical treatment of few advanced tumors or tumor reduction treatment of curved stage tumors.
Advantages: CT or B ultrasound guidance, accurate localization, local anesthesia. The use of thermal ablation or cryoablation causes coagulative necrosis of tumor to achieve resection effect, which is equally effective for metastatic tumors and safer than surgical treatment for tumors adjacent to intrahepatic vessels. It can ablate multiple tumors in different liver lobes at one time, with little trauma, and can be active 6 hours after surgery, with fast recovery of liver function. It is an important tool for treating cancer, and the smaller the tumor, the better the effect.
Disadvantages: (1) After necrosis of large tumors, malabsorption of necrotic tissues can cause infection, which requires external drainage treatment.
(2) The treatment period of large tumor is long, usually takes 2 to 3 months. If not combined with embolization, the effect is affected by slow warming up during surgery.
5.Chemotherapy
Indications: Post-surgical patients; intermediate and advanced cancer; metastatic cancer; subclinical metastases.
Advantages: chemotherapy is treatment with chemicals, these antitumor drugs can be dispersed to the whole body quickly after entering the body, which can kill both local cancer cells and metastatic cancer cells, it is a systemic therapeutic, more inhibit tumor growth and spread, and have a temporary control effect on primary foci, metastatic foci and subclinical metastases.
Disadvantages: (1) Chemical drugs are not specific to kill cancer cells, and killing cancer cells also kills normal cells, excessive chemotherapy will shorten patients’ survival time.
(2) Some tumors are not sensitive to drugs, so chemotherapy has no clinical value.
(3) Chemotherapy cannot completely kill all cancer cells in the body, and cancer cells will recur or metastasize within a certain period of time.
6.Radiotherapy
Indications: Regional sensitive cancer.
Advantages: Using the focal point crossed by multiple beams of radiation to cause high energy to kill cancer cells and radiation to kill mitotic cells is an important means of treating cancer and can produce temporary control effect for many cancers.
Disadvantages: (1) Radiation therapy equipment is expensive and the treatment cost is high.
(2) Radiation therapy has a long treatment period, usually taking 1 to 2 months.
(3) Radiation complications are more frequent and may even cause partial loss of function.
(4) The effect of radiation therapy is not complete and cannot eradicate the cancer cells completely.
7.Biological therapy
Indications: Treatment and prevention of all stages of tumor, with significant effect on treatment-sensitive patients.
Advantages: little or no pain.
Disadvantages: Most patients can only slow down the growth of tumor and the cost is high.
8.Chinese medicine treatment
Indications: Various tumors, mostly used for post-operative conditioning.
Advantages: economic, painless, whole body conditioning.
Disadvantages: difficult to consult, price increase of Chinese medicine, few patients can slow down the growth rate of tumor.
At present, in order to improve the treatment effect and reduce recurrence and metastasis, integrated treatment is mostly used.