Parkinson Disease (PD) is a slowly progressive extrapyramidal disorder that occurs in middle-aged and older adults, preferably between the ages of 50 and 65, with the incidence increasing with age and symptoms progressing slowly with age. The youthful form is rare. Resting tremor, bradykinesia, limb rigidity and postural dysreflexia are the four main signs of the disease, especially the first two are the most typical. Patients may experience a general slowing down and reduction of random and automatic movements, difficulty in initiating movements, mask face, staring, salivation, monotonous and low voice pronunciation, difficulty in writing and smaller and smaller writing (microcapitalism), forward head tilt, forward trunk flexion, and reduced or absent natural arm swing when walking. Because Parkinson’s disease usually progresses slowly, it gradually and severely affects the quality of life of patients, and in the late stages, it can be life-threatening. For Parkinson’s disease (PD), drug therapy is generally preferred in the early stage, and the most commonly used drugs are dopaminergic drugs, such as methyldopa and Sinemet. However, the current pharmacological treatment for PD is only symptomatic and cannot stop the progression of the disease. The efficacy of the drugs gradually deteriorates after a longer period of time, and the dose gradually increases, and the side effects become more serious, such as abnormal movements, “switching” phenomenon, nausea and vomiting, mental confusion, hallucinations, psychosis, and neurotoxicity. Surgery is an important tool in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and is a useful supplement to drug therapy. For patients who are suitable for surgery, the majority of patients can significantly improve their symptoms, reduce the amount of medication and significantly improve their quality of life. The main surgical treatments for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are deep brain stimulation (DBS) and nucleus accumbens disruption (NAD). The use of disruption is decreasing and has been gradually replaced by DBS, which is now used mainly for patients who cannot receive DBS for specific reasons, by implanting electrodes in specific nuclei of the brain and releasing high-frequency electrical stimulation to suppress the electrical impulses of these neurons that are overexcited due to a decrease in dopaminergic neurons, thereby reducing the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. A pacemaker is a delicate and small microelectronic device consisting of a pulse generator, an electrode and an extension lead, all of which are implanted in the body. The implanted components generally do not interfere with the patient’s daily life. So what kind of Parkinson’s (PD) patients are suitable for deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment? First, the patient must have a clear diagnosis of primary Parkinson’s disease; second, the patient has had good results with levodopa, but now the effectiveness of the drug has gradually decreased or side effects have occurred, and the disease has begun to affect normal work and life; in addition, the patient must not have significant intellectual impairment and must be willing and able to cooperate during the procedure and subsequent follow-ups. What are the contraindications to DBS treatment? DBS is contraindicated in the following conditions: patients with Parkinson’s syndrome; patients with significant cognitive impairment or significant, uncontrollable psychiatric disorders; patients with severe other organic diseases, coagulation disorders, and other conditions that contraindicate surgery. What is the clinical efficacy of DBS treatment? Clinical studies have shown that DBS has significant efficacy in treating PD: it can improve patients’ symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, slow movement or inability to move, and balance disorders; it can reduce the dose of oral medication, thus reducing drug side effects; and it can significantly improve patients’ quality of daily life and social activities. Experience has shown significant results in patients who respond well to levodopa. Surgical risks of DBS treatment?DBS is, on the whole, a less invasive and less risky and effective means of treating PD, with the advantage of reversible stimulation rather than permanent destruction of neural structures. However, as a surgical procedure, some risks are unavoidable, such as bleeding in the surgical area, infection (usually less than 1% to 3%) and, more rarely, complications such as hemiplegia, aphasia, seizures, coma and even death.