Glaucoma is a common and difficult eye disease with rapid onset and high risk of blindness at any time. It is characterized by an intermittent or persistent increase in intraocular pressure beyond what the eye can tolerate, resulting in damage to all parts of the eye and visual function, leading to optic nerve atrophy, visual field reduction, and vision loss, with blindness only occurring sooner or later, and complete blindness within 24-48 hours during the acute phase. Glaucoma is a binocular lesion, which can occur in both eyes at the same time, or in one eye, followed by blindness in both eyes.
Glaucoma
Acute closed-angle glaucoma: The onset of glaucoma is rapid, with the typical symptoms of severe pain in the side of the head of the affected eye, congestion of the eyeball, and sudden loss of vision. The pain radiates along the trigeminal nerve distribution area around the orbit, sinuses, ear roots, teeth, etc.; the intraocular pressure rises rapidly, the eye is hard, often causing nausea, vomiting, sweating, etc.; the patient sees a colored halo around the incandescent light or like a rainbow after the rain, i.e., the iridescence phenomenon.
Subacute closed-angle glaucoma (including subclinical, prodromal and intermittent phases): Patients have only mild discomfort or even no symptoms, may have decreased visual acuity, light eye congestion, often in the evening onset, relieved by sleep. If not treated in time, the interval between attacks will be shortened, the duration of each attack will be prolonged, and the attack will become acute or chronic.
Chronic closed-angle glaucoma: The symptoms are not obvious, with mild eye distention, headache, difficulty in reading, and often iris. The attack can be relieved when the patient goes to a bright place or after sleep, and all symptoms disappear. This type of glaucoma has repeated small attacks with long intervals between early attacks and short duration of symptoms, and after many attacks, the interval between attacks is shortened and the duration is prolonged. If not treated properly, the disease will gradually progress, with late vision loss and severe visual field defects.
Primary open-angle glaucoma: the onset is insidious, progresses more slowly and is very difficult to detect, so there are generally no symptoms in the early stage, when the lesion develops to a certain extent, mild eye distention, visual fatigue and headache can occur, vision is generally unaffected, and the visual field gradually shrinks. In the late stage, when the visual field is narrowed in a tubular shape, mobility problems and night blindness appear. Some advanced cases may have blurred vision and iridescence. Therefore, early diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma is very important, and relevant investigations are emphasized in suspected cases.
Congenital glaucoma usually presents clinically in young children or in adolescents. If it develops before the age of 3 years, it may present with shyness, tearing, blepharospasm and large corneas; if it develops after the age of 3 years, it may present as juvenile progressive myopia.
Types
There are four main types of glaucoma: congenital glaucoma, primary glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and mixed glaucoma. The clinical manifestations of each type of glaucoma and
The clinical manifestations and glaucoma characteristics of each type of glaucoma are different.
I. Congenital glaucoma.
According to the age of onset, it can be infantile glaucoma and juvenile glaucoma. glaucoma under 30 years old are all in this category. The reason for the formation of congenital glaucoma is the abnormal development of the anterior chamber angle during embryonic development, resulting in the obstruction of atrial aqueous drainage, causing an increase in intraocular pressure. 25-80% of patients show up within six months, and 90% of children can be diagnosed by the age of one year. 10% of patients develop symptoms at the age of one to six years.
1. Infantile glaucoma: Children with glaucoma aged 0-3 years are generally classified as this type. This type is the most common type of congenital glaucoma. The disease is present in the mother and symptoms appear immediately or slowly after birth. The lesions are usually bilateral, but not always simultaneous, and 25-30% of children have monocular disease. The clinical manifestations are protrusion of the eyeballs after birth, resembling the eyes of a cow, fear of light, lacrimation, rubbing of the eyes, eyelid spasms, corneal clouding, agitated crying, poor diet or vomiting, sweating, and other systemic symptoms. The key to the prognosis of this type lies in the timely and correct diagnosis, because the pediatric eye wall is in the developmental stage, the intraocular pressure may be normal, while the fundus examination is not good with, so there is a lack of glaucoma-rich ornamental book.
2, adolescent glaucoma: the age of onset between 3 and 30 years old. The clinical manifestations of this type are similar to those of open-angle glaucoma, with insidious onset and great danger. More than 90% of patients do not show typical glaucoma symptoms, but come to the clinic with “myopia, visual fatigue, headache, insomnia”, or even unconscious blindness, and only after detailed examination do they know it is glaucoma. Some patients find out glaucoma, but they wrongly think that I don’t feel anything now and my vision is fine, so it can’t be as serious as the doctor said, but when they really go blind, it’s too late to regret and they can only spend their life in darkness and pain.
Second, primary glaucoma.
According to the morphology of the anterior chamber anterior angle and the urgency of the onset, it is divided into acute and chronic closed-angle glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma, etc.
Open-angle glaucoma
1, acute closed-angle glaucoma: acute closed-angle glaucoma occurs due to the sudden narrowing or closure of the atrial angle in the eye, the atrial aqueous can not be discharged in time, causing the atrial aqueous full and a sharp increase in intraocular pressure. It mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, accounting for 90% of those over 40 years old. The incidence is higher in women, with a male to female ratio of 1:4. The onset of the disease is fierce, the symptoms are mild and dramatic, and the anterior chamber is narrowed or completely closed at the onset, showing sudden onset of severe eye swelling and headache, sharp loss of vision, hard eyes like stones, conjunctival congestion, nausea and vomiting, constipation, and elevated blood pressure, and the systemic symptoms are easily misdiagnosed as gastroenteritis, encephalitis, neurological headache and other pathologies. If not treated in time, 24-48 hours can be completely blind and lightless, which is called “fulminant glaucoma”, but clinically some patients have strong pain tolerance, only orbital and ocular discomfort, or even no symptoms in the eye, and the pain is transferred to the forehead, ear, maxillary sinus, teeth and other parts. Acute closed-angle glaucoma is actually due to the repeated extension of chronic closed-angle glaucoma.
2, chronic closed-angle glaucoma: this type accounts for more than 50% of primary glaucoma patients, the onset of age 30 years or older, in recent years, with the increasing pace of life, social competition is increasingly fierce, brain workers have a sharp increase in the trend, this type of attack generally have obvious causes, such as emotional excitement, visual fatigue, eye and brain overuse, long-term insomnia, habitual constipation, women in menstruation, or local, systemic medication, can be a cause. This type of attack can be triggered by emotional excitement, visual fatigue, overuse of the eyes and brain, chronic insomnia, habitual constipation, women during menstruation, or improper use of local or systemic medications. It can be relieved after rest. Some patients are blind without any symptoms. On examination, the IOP can be normal or fluctuate, or not too high about 20-30 mmhg, and the fundus can be normal early, and this type is most likely to be misdiagnosed. This type is most likely to be misdiagnosed. Once the anterior chamber angle is closed by adhesions in such repeated attacks, fulminant glaucoma can be formed.
3, primary open angle glaucoma: mostly occurs in people over 40. 25% of patients have a family history. The vast majority of patients have no obvious symptoms, and some have no discomfort even until the ground is blind. The anterior chamber angle is open at the onset. The diagnosis of this type is the most critical, once the Western medical diagnosis has been confirmed have obvious fundus changes, so we must fully and carefully exclude every patient with the first signs of glaucoma, early diagnosis, early treatment, do not wait until the diagnosis of glaucoma before treatment, then the best time to treat has been lost.
Third, secondary glaucoma.
Glaucoma caused by eye and systemic diseases are all in this category, the cause is quite complex and there are many kinds, now only briefly describe the most common kinds of secondary glaucoma: 1.
1, refractive error (i.e. myopia, hyperopia) secondary glaucoma: due to the refractive system regulation malfunction, ciliary muscle dysfunction, atrial aqueous secretion is not constant, coupled with the iris root compression of the anterior chamber angle, atrial aqueous drainage is blocked, so causing an increase in intraocular pressure, the clinical characteristics of such patients is the symptoms of self-conscious visual fatigue or no obvious discomfort, wearing glasses can not correct vision, easy to misdiagnosis, so patients with a history of refractive error once the appearance of If there is an unexplained eye abnormality, you should find a doctor with rich clinical experience in glaucoma and have a detailed examination.
2, Angle, conjunctiva, uveitis secondary glaucoma: intraocular inflammation caused by atrial clouding, ciliary muscle, iris, corneal edema, shallow atrial angle, or pupil adhesion, trabecular network obstruction, atrial aqueous can not be normal drainage caused by the IOP rise. At present, western medicine generally treats this disease with antibiotics and hormones symptomatically, which artificially interferes with the autoimmune function and makes the disease recurrent and difficult to be cured.
3, cataract secondary glaucoma: crystal clouding in the process of development, edema expansion, or translocation resulting in anterior chamber relative narrowing, atrial aqueous discharge obstruction, causing IOP elevation, once the cataract surgery, soon optic nerve atrophy and blindness.
4, traumatic glaucoma: atrial angle tear, iris root break, or anterior chamber blood, vitreous blood, retinal shock, so that atrial water secretion, discharge pathway is blocked secondary to glaucoma optic nerve atrophy, such as positive Chinese medicine treatment prognosis is good, surgery can only repair the damaged intraocular tissue, but the damage caused by the fundus can not be corrected, so this type of patients are generally treated by Western medicine at the time, think it’s okay, no longer Treatment, once found to have optic nerve atrophy, resulting in serious visual impairment.
Fourth, mixed glaucoma: two or more primary glaucoma exists at the same time, the clinical symptoms are the same as the combined type.
Glaucoma due to vitreous and retinal detachment surgery
Glaucoma due to vitreous and retinal detachment surgery can occur on the first day after surgery, mostly as acute IOP elevation, or it can occur more than six months after surgery, manifesting as insidious or chronic IOP elevation.
Pathology.
Three major causes of glaucoma
Glaucoma can be divided into three main categories: primary, secondary and congenital.
The exact etiology of primary glaucoma is not well understood. Based on the opening and closing of the atrial angle when the IOP is elevated, it can be divided into two categories: closed-angle and open-angle types. The closed-angle type is associated with certain anatomical variants of the eye, while the open-angle type may be related to vascular nerve dysfunction, genetics, immunity, and other factors.
Closed-angle glaucoma
Closed-angle glaucoma: mostly seen in women, with the highest incidence after the age of 40, often associated with hyperopia. The disease is characterized by a shallow anterior chamber, a forward bulging iris, and a narrow anterior chamber angle. When the anterior chamber angle is blocked by the iris and the atrial aqueous outlet is blocked, the IOP immediately rises. The clinical presentation is often episodic, and the symptoms of the attack can be mild or severe. In mild attacks or petit mal seizures, the patient suddenly feels blurred vision, sees things as if through a mist, and has a “rainbow vision circle” (called “rainbow vision”) around the lights, along with eye swelling and pain and nasal root soreness. These symptoms may resolve on their own after rest or sleep, but can recur. In severe episodes, the headache is severe and there is nausea and vomiting. (easily misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal disorders), the affected eye is congested and edematous, the cornea is foggy and cloudy, the pupil is dilated and fixed, the vision is highly impaired, and when the eye is touched with a finger, it is like a hard rubber, which means that the intraocular pressure is extremely elevated. This attack is very dangerous to vision and must be promptly resuscitated. An experienced physician can often make a diagnosis based on typical symptoms and features such as a shallow anterior chamber, narrowing of the atrial angle, and forward bulging of the iris. If necessary, the diagnosis can be made after an hour in a dark room with the head in a prone position, if the intraocular pressure rises more than 8 mm Hg or more than 30 mm Hg before entering the dark room. A long stay in a dark room, watching movies, television, dilated pupil optometry or dilated pupil examination of the fundus, etc., may induce closed-angle glaucoma for people with shallow anterior chamber and should be alerted.
Open-angle glaucoma: Although the IOP is elevated, the anterior chamber angle is still open and wide, so it is called open-angle type. The elevated IOP is mainly due to the increased resistance to the flow of atrial fluid from the anterior chamber angle. Early symptoms are mild or even absent, and many patients do not notice it until late in life when their vision decreases and they have difficulty moving around, and only a few young patients may have “rainbow vision. Early diagnosis depends mainly on the measurement of IOP, but the diagnosis should not be easily confirmed based on 1-2 occasional high IOPs. If the diagnosis is difficult to confirm by routine examination, the IOP can be measured after drinking 1000 ml of warm boiled water quickly on an empty stomach; if the IOP rises by more than 8 mm Hg or more than 30 mm Hg after drinking water, it is helpful for diagnosis. In advanced stages, not only is the IOP often at high levels, but there are visual field defects and optic nerve papillae depression. The diagnosis is not difficult to make by visual field and fundus examination.
Secondary glaucoma: Any state of high intraocular pressure caused by other diseases of the eye is called secondary glaucoma. Common eye diseases causing secondary glaucoma are: ① corneal leukomalacia or corneal chylomalacia; ② extensive post-iris adhesions after iridocyclitis; ③ blood accumulation in the anterior chamber of ocular trauma and contusion of the atrial angle; ④ intraocular tumor; ⑤ diabetes mellitus, neovascular glaucoma with central retinal vein obstruction, etc. This type of glaucoma can also produce symptoms such as headache, eye pain, nausea and vomiting when the intraocular pressure rises sharply, but there can be no obvious discomfort until the loss of vision is detected.
Congenital glaucoma: Congenital glaucoma is often born. Bilateral predominance. In addition to high intraocular pressure, the most distinctive feature is that the eye is not larger than normal, and the transverse diameter of the cornea can be more than 12 mm, so it is also known as “bull’s eye” or “watery eye”. The cornea is not only enlarged, but also cloudy, with a deep anterior chamber and sometimes photophobia and tearing.
Clinical diagnosis
The treatment of glaucoma patients depends on an accurate diagnosis. The diagnosis of glaucoma patients, like other diseases, is based on a comprehensive analysis of the medical history, clinical manifestations and examination findings.
In suspected patients, intraocular pressure should be measured first. An IOP greater than 3.20 kPa (24 mmHg) is considered pathologically high, but a high primary IOP cannot diagnose glaucoma, and a normal primary IOP cannot rule out glaucoma. This is because IOP fluctuates periodically throughout the day. Daily IOP fluctuations greater than 1.07 kPa (8 mmHg) are considered pathological IOP. In normal people, the pressure in both eyes is close to each other, but if the pressure difference between the two eyes is greater than 0.67kPa (5mmHg), it is also pathological IOP. Next, the fundus should be examined to observe the optic disc changes. The optic disc changes in glaucoma have certain specificity and have important clinical value. C/D is greater than 0.6 or the difference between C/D of both eyes is greater than 0.2 as abnormal; thinning along the optic disc, often accompanied by uneven width and cut marks along the optic disc, indicating a decrease in the number of optic nerve fibers along the optic disc; changes in the optic disc vessels, manifested by bleeding at the edge of the optic disc, vessel hollowing, nasal displacement of the optic disc vessels and The central retinal artery is pulsating. In addition, funduscopic examination can visualize retinal nerve fiber layer defects, which are considered to be one of the early diagnostic indications of glaucoma because they can appear before visual field defects.
Visual field examination is of great value in the diagnosis of glaucoma. This is because it represents damage to the optic nerve. The common clinical types of visual field defects are: generalized reduction of visual threshold, bowed defects, nasal step, vertical step, temporal scalloped defects, and central and temporal insular visual fields.
With the above tests, we can diagnose glaucoma, but we should also determine the type of glaucoma before starting treatment. First, the anterior atrial angle is examined, and those with an open angle are considered open-angle glaucoma, while the opposite is true for closed-angle glaucoma. If the diagnosis of glaucoma classification is still difficult through atrial angle examination, the atrial fluid coefficient (C value) can be checked. c value less than 0.1 is pathological, and pressure smooth ratio (Po/C) more than 150 is pathological, mainly seen in open-angle glaucoma. However, it should be noted that the C-value and pressure-to-smooth ratio can also be abnormal after recurrent episodes of closed-angle glaucoma. In addition, we can choose some excitation tests for some suspected glaucoma to assist in the diagnosis.
Treatment
General treatment
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness. Usually, people over the age of 40 are more likely to develop glaucoma, and it is more common in women than in men. Glaucoma is characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure inside the eye and a hardening of the surface of the eye. Symptoms of the disease include pain or discomfort in the eye (mainly in the morning), blurred vision, a halo around the light source, inability to moderately adjust the pupil to dilate in the dark, and loss of xeropthalmia (peripheral vision). There are many causes of glaucoma, and the most common causes are related to stress and nutritional problems.
Home treatment measures
Vitamin B injections
If tension is the main factor, vitamin B injection can be effective, please use it under the supervision of your doctor.
Laser therapy
If medication still does not control the condition, try laser therapy before resorting to other surgical procedures. New tests have shown that laser therapy is effective for open angle glaucoma (open angleglaucoma). This is done by using a laser to irradiate the iris, creating a small hole to relieve eye pressure. In the case of acute or closed-angle glaucoma, the cornea is blurred by the edema formed by high intraocular pressure. In such cases, I am afraid that laser therapy is not the best option and further surgery is required.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment
Glaucoma is commonly known as glaucoma, but in Chinese medicine, it is called green wind and internal obstruction. This disease is caused by liver, lung, consumption and heat, phlegm and dampness, which means that the fluid regulation in the eye is malfunctioning and caused by water toxicity. In Western medicine, it is believed to be the result of excessive increase in intraocular pressure, which can lead to blindness due to pressure on the eye meridian.
The symptoms are pain and swelling in the eye, frequent dizziness, headache, and a red colored circle of light at night, and sometimes vomiting due to severe headache. Congenital glaucoma has three main symptoms, namely tearing, photophobia, and eye and face spasms. The treatment is to calm liver heat and lung qi, and to strengthen the liver and lung consumption in order to eliminate water toxicity. Another type of ciliary crisis glaucoma is caused by inflammation of the grape layer of the eye, which sometimes heals without medication. It is rare and often develops in one eye, and the corneal endothelium has small, unpigmented deposits with flush edges.
Chinese medicine treatment principle
1. Antioxidant effect. Many studies have shown that oxidative damage is an important mechanism of cataract formation. After oxidative damage, disulfide, methionine, iodine-based alanine and high molecular weight reducible polymers are formed in the cataract lens, and reducible bonds exist in the cell plasma-cell membrane proteins; reduced glutathione in the cataract lens, increased oxidized glutathione and protein-bound mixed disulfide; cell membrane disintegration, malondialdehyde formation, reduced metabolic activity sensitive to oxidation, and potential oxidative concentrations are elevated. Clinically, with aging, the lens undergoes a series of changes, such as yellowing of the lens suggesting pigment accumulation; an increase in polymeric proteins makes transparency diminished; protein structure changes make certain reactive groups visible, and these changes are more vulnerable to oxidative damage. Therefore, many current studies on Chinese medicine have started with improving the antioxidant function of the lens, using antioxidants or antioxidant enzyme activators to eliminate or neutralize the oxidation products in the lens, thus preventing or reversing the biochemical changes in the lens.
2. Inhibition of aldose reductase. Glucose metabolism disorder is one of the causes of lens clouding. Among them, the lack of aldose reductase inhibitors and sorbitol gathered in the cells to form lens cloudiness has been confirmed. Therefore, delaying the formation of cataract by inhibiting aldose reductase has become one of the hot spots in the research of cataract treatment drugs. At present, dozens of flavonoids have been found to inhibit aldose reductase activity in foreign countries. Some domestic scholars have also studied this, such as MDA, insoluble and macromolecular protein content.
3.Provide nutrients to act directly on the eye. Due to the absorption of drugs, through the internal absorption of sufficient nutrients into the blood, microcirculation directly provide a variety of much-needed nutrients to act with the eye, another part of the nutrients and water, through the use of bright eye patch, directly through the skin surface absorption and penetration of the eye, directly to the eye patient parts; drug absorption of the whole body can be a large number of toxins accumulated inside the body over the years through the kidneys and sweat and eye In addition, it regulates and activates the original power of the major organs of the body, allowing the body to rejuvenate and keep the endocrine balance and coordination!
Advantages and disadvantages of various glaucoma treatment methods
Laser surgery for glaucoma.
Advantages.
・Quick and easy
・No special recovery time required
・Can be performed in a doctor’s office or clinic
・Minimal risk of eye infection and general complications
Disadvantages.
・Results are not immediately known
・Post-operative medication is usually required
・Long-term results are not certain
・Can’t be used for all types of glaucoma
Glaucoma filtering surgery treatment.
Advantages.
・Usually no medication required after wood
・Universally successful and long-lasting results
・Applicable to most types of glaucoma
・Results of treatment are immediately known
Disadvantages.
・requires some recovery time
・Must be performed in a hospital or clinic
・Risk of bleeding, infection and general complications
Medication for glaucoma.
・There are several forms: pills, eye drops, eye ointment, and may have side effects
・There are different purposes: to increase the amount of atrial fluid discharge or to decrease the amount of atrial fluid production
Prevention
Glaucoma is a common eye disease in the elderly and one of the most common eye diseases that cause blindness. A normal eye often maintains a certain level of tension, which is formed by the pressure added to the wall of the eye by the contents of the eye, and is medically known as intraocular pressure. The IOP of a normal Chinese person is between 1.4 and 2.8 kPa. The production of intraocular atrial fluid and impaired circulation are the main causes of elevated IOP causing glaucoma. The IOP of glaucoma patients often exceeds 3 kPa, and in some cases it is as high as 10 kPa or more. Due to the high intraocular pressure, the optic nerve and macula are compressed and malfunction, so it causes vision loss, headache, eye pain, blurred vision, looking at the lights around the rainbow circle, eye hard as stone, etc. If not treated in time, it often leads to blindness, so it is very important to strengthen prevention.
1, keep a happy mood: anger and anxiety and mental stimulation, it is easy to make the eye pressure rise, causing glaucoma, so usually keep a happy mood, do not get angry and anxious, not to mention anxiety over household chores.
2, keep a good sleep: sleep restlessness and insomnia, easily cause the eye pressure to rise, inducing glaucoma, the elderly should wash their feet before bed, drink milk to help sleep, if necessary, take hypnotic drugs, especially people with high intraocular pressure, but also to sleep well.
3, less work or play in a dark environment: people who work in dark rooms, every 1 to 2 hours to get out of the dark room or appropriate lighting. Emotionally excited people, to watch fewer movies, watch TV, but also to open a small light next to the TV lighting.
4, avoid overwork: whether it is physical labor or mental labor, the body after overwork are prone to fluctuations in intraocular pressure, so pay attention to the regularity of life, work and rest, to avoid overwork.
5, do not overeat: overeating and drinking can raise the IOP and trigger glaucoma. The elderly should “eat eight full meals, do not smoke, do not drink, do not drink coffee, do not drink strong tea, do not eat spicy and irritating food.
6, eat more honey and other water-friendly food: honey is a hypertonic agent, oral honey, the osmotic pressure in the blood will rise, so the excess water in the eye absorbed into the blood, thereby reducing intraocular pressure. In addition to this, watermelon, winter melon, red beans also have a beneficial effect on the water pressure, the elderly eat more appropriately, the body is greatly beneficial.
7, often touch their eyes, look at the lights: glaucoma is characterized by hard eyes, look at the lights have rainbow circle, found early treatment.
8, to prevent constipation: constipated people often have increased intraocular pressure when the bowels, to develop the habit of regular bowel movements, and eat more vegetables, fruits.
9, adhere to physical exercise: physical exercise can speed up blood flow, reduce the fundus stasis, atrial circulation, and reduce intraocular pressure. But should not do inversion, so as not to make the intraocular pressure rise.
10, active examination: the elderly should measure the intraocular pressure once a year, especially in hypertensive patients. Cataracts and iritis found should also be treated early to avoid secondary glaucoma.
Diet
Glaucoma is an eye disease caused by high intraocular atrial fluid production or obstructed circulation resulting in increased intraocular pressure and visual impairment. When a patient drinks too much fluid, the blood volume in the body increases and the atrial fluid production increases accordingly. Therefore, glaucoma patients should not drink a lot of water in a short period of time, including drinks, milk, etc.; there are also some drinks, such as coffee, strong tea, etc., which can easily produce excitatory effects on the nervous system, and should not be drunk in large quantities. If you eat a diet that helps to lower the intraocular pressure, it will be beneficial to the recovery of glaucoma. If the patient does not have diabetes, the choice of food containing more sugar can make the blood osmotic pressure rise, accelerate the absorption of atrial fluid in the eye, reduce the generation of atrial fluid, which is conducive to reducing intraocular pressure, honey is one of the foods containing more sugar. There are also some foods with diuretic effect, such as adzuki beans, watermelon, loofah, etc., which should be often selected for the prevention of elevated IOP.
The key to treating glaucoma is to lower the intraocular pressure. The following food therapies have a good effect on lowering intraocular pressure and can be chosen for consumption.
(1) Honey and glycerin. Food therapy for glaucoma with honey is superior. For acute glaucoma, take 100 ml of honey or glycerin orally to relieve symptoms; for chronic and persistently high IOP, use 50% honey or glycerin, 50 ml orally each time, 2 times a day. Honey and glycerin are hypertonic agents, which can increase the osmotic pressure of the blood and facilitate the absorption of intraocular atrial fluid, thus lowering the intraocular pressure.
(2) Water-friendly food. Eat more adzuki beans, coix seeds, watermelon, winter melon, loofah, goldenseal and other aqueous food, can be supplemented with Chinese and Western medicine customary aqueous (urinary) drugs for glaucoma treatment, so also known as complementary therapy.
(3) laxative food. Glaucoma patients often have constipation symptoms, which is very harmful to the body, can cause autointoxication, can dissolve the vascular endothelium and intercellular matrix, affecting the normal blood circulation, can contribute to increased secretion of intraocular atrial aqueous secretion and increase intraocular pressure. More vegetable oils such as honey, sesame oil and vegetable oil can be taken to improve the lubrication of the intestinal tract. You can also eat more bananas, radishes, raw pears, lemons, oranges, watermelons, melons, tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables rich in fiber and coarse grains, etc. to laxative.
Medication contraindications
Glaucoma, especially primary glaucoma, occurs in the elderly and is more common in women than in men. The elderly should go to the hospital to have their eye pressure checked for early detection of glaucoma if they have symptoms such as eye swelling and pain, migraine, blurred vision, and iridescence of light when looking at lights. The main cause of glaucoma is a significant increase in intraocular pressure, which is associated with excessive atrial aqueous production or impaired drainage. Some drugs can promote increased atrial aqueous or impede atrial reflux, which may aggravate the condition after taking the drug and should be contraindicated.
Drugs that increase atrial fluid, mainly nitrates such as nitroglycerin, long-acting nitroglycerin, isoamyl nitrite, cardiac pain, etc.. These drugs effectively dilate the coronary arteries and improve myocardial ischemia, while also dilating the retinal vessels, which increases atrial aqueous production and increases intraocular pressure. Therefore, elderly patients with glaucoma should use nitric acid drugs with caution. If it is necessary to apply nitrate drugs for coronary heart attack, the dose should not be large and the duration of medication should not be long, and pay attention to the manifestation of aggravation of glaucoma.
The main drugs that block the atrial reflux are atropine and its derivatives such as scopolamine, belladonna, chrysoprase, mandragora, as well as probenecid, bromobenecid, gastrodin, gastrodin, gastrodin, gastrodin, gastrodin, gastrodin and others. These drugs can make the pupil opening muscle contract alone, so that the iris toad recedes to the surrounding outer edge, which can compress the anterior chamber angle, making it narrower, and so prevent the atrial water from flowing back into the scleral venous sinus, causing the intraocular pressure to rise, which can make the condition worse. Therefore, such drugs must be contraindicated in elderly glaucoma patients.
Self-care points
1. Spiritual factors. It has been measured that glaucoma patients have obvious depression and anxiety, so it is good for patients to keep their mood relaxed to control the disease, if the mood fluctuation will obviously affect the fluctuation of intraocular pressure.
2, weather factors. The onset of closed-angle glaucoma is usually seen at dusk, in the evening, in gloomy weather and in the cold season; the IOP of glaucoma patients is generally higher in winter than in summer. Glaucoma patients or susceptible people with a family history of glaucoma should pay more attention to the weather.
3, pay attention to the combination of work and rest. Excessive fatigue will affect the vegetative nervous system, sympathetic nerve stability is affected, but also easy to induce glaucoma and IOP rise.
4, life must be regular. The general population should stop smoking and drinking, and should not overeat, which is good for stabilizing the vascular nerve and endocrine system. A healthy lifestyle can reduce the chances of glaucoma, and also help glaucoma patients to control their condition.