Interstitial nephritis, also known as tubulointerstitial nephritis, is categorized into acute and chronic types, and is the most common form of kidney injury. Acute interstitial nephritis, also known as acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, is a group of clinicopathological syndromes caused by a variety of etiological factors, with acute onset, renal interstitial edema and inflammatory cell infiltration as the main pathological manifestations, and glomerular and renal vasculature are mostly uninvolved or mildly affected; renal tubular dysfunction, which may or may not be accompanied by a decline in glomerular filtration function as the main clinical features. Chronic interstitial nephritis, also known as chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. It is also a group of diseases or clinical syndromes caused by a variety of etiologic factors, with renal tubular dysfunction as the main manifestation. The course of the disease is long and insidious, often slowly progressing to renal failure, and the pathology is also characterized by chronic disease, renal tubular atrophy, and prominent renal interstitial fibrosis. Interstitial nephritis, need to actively regular hospital consultation, follow the doctor’s instructions standardized treatment.