Female condyloma acuminatum is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which is an epidermodysplastic lesion of the skin and mucous membranes. The warm and moist mucous membrane of the vulvar skin is conducive to the growth and reproduction of vulvar or vaginal warts. However, not all vulvar redundancies are condyloma acuminata, so clinical pathology needs to be strictly standardized for diagnosis.
The average incubation period for female condyloma acuminata is 2-3 months, and the lesions develop without self-limitation. The cause of the problem is still unclear, some believe that multi-hormones, fungal infections or other chronic stimuli related to the easy to be misdiagnosed as acerbic warts.
The differential diagnosis of female condyloma acuminata and pseudocondyloma
The clinical differentiation points: the incubation period of 2-3 months for condyloma acuminata, the development of lesions without self-limiting, symptoms local scratching, pain, a few patients without symptoms. The most common site of growth is the vulva, vagina, cervix, and perianal area, where two sites occur simultaneously. The actual history of sexual intercourse, the lesions turn out to be white after the application of 5% acetic acid. The pseudo warts incubation period of 3 days-3 weeks, there are self-limiting, generally asymptomatic, some local scratching. The cause of the disease is still unclear, some believe that multi-hormonal, fungal infection or other chronic irritation related, easy to be misdiagnosed as acromegaly. The literature is inconsistent as to whether or not this is an HPV infection.
The treatment of female condyloma acuminata misconceptions
1, easy to recur.
Generally speaking, condyloma acuminata recurrence most often occurs within 3 months after treatment, with the extension of time, the patient infectiousness is reduced, the possibility of recurrence is also reduced. The patient does not recur after 6 months of treatment, even if the clinical cure. If the patient does not relapse one year after treatment, the possibility of relapse in the future is extremely low, and the possibility of infection is also extremely low. Therefore, the third month after treatment is a “hurdle”, during which patients should always go to the hospital to detect the condition, reasonable use of drugs, do not blindly change drugs.
2, not good to go to the root.
After treatment, some patients have recurrent episodes, which may be related to subclinical infection, latent infection or reinfection, after repeated treatment, most can control recurrence, there are a few long-term patients with the virus, after a period of time, the virus can be suppressed or even disappear with the improvement of the body’s immune status.
3, can not reproduce.
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4, the sexual partner will certainly be infected with acerbic mixed warts.
The majority of patients or sexual partners have a history of smuggling, research evidence buy more than 40% of patients with spouses suffering from condyloma acuminata, 20%-30% of patients combined with other STDs, which indicates that condyloma acuminata is mainly transmitted through sexual relations, but there are a significant number of patients’ spouses or sexual partners and the occurrence of skin lesions, which may be related to the immune status of the infected. The rate of infection from a single sexual contact is as high as 60% in patients with condyloma acuminatum, and it occurs in areas where sex is easily broken. This is because of the fact that not all of the contacts have warts, which may be related to the number of viruses exposed and the duration of the patient’s illness.
The reason for the recurrence of warts in women
The main factors for the recurrence of female condyloma acuminata include the following.
1, the characteristics of HPV infection.
The primary damage around the pubic and anal vicinity of HPV latent infection; most of the current treatment methods only to remove symptomatic warts, but not completely remove the body of HPV infection, some infected people can not have any clinical performance, called “HPV subclinical infection”; primary damage treatment is not complete, such as laser cautery over The primary damage is not treated thoroughly enough, such as laser cautery is too shallow, so that the residual lesions still contain HPV after treatment; some patients are HPV reservoirs in the urethra (60%) or scrotum (22%), which is the source of HPV dispersion in the vulva.
2. Local environment.
The local humidity, inflammation and increased secretions, pregnancy, combined with other STDs, etc., condyloma acuminata are likely to recur.
3, immune function.
According to relevant data, individuals with low immunity such as kidney transplants, malignant tumors, immunosuppressive chemotherapy and the application of glucocorticoids and other patients, the incidence of condyloma acuminata and recurrence rate are significantly increased, and the size of the warts are also larger.
4, mental condition and sleep.
God tension, anxiety, fatigue and often stay up late also promote the recurrence of condyloma acuminata.
5, pregnancy status.
Pregnant women have a higher incidence of condyloma acuminata, and a relatively high recurrence rate, which is related to changes in endocrine function during pregnancy.
6, suffering from other sexually transmitted diseases.
Condyloma acuminatum and other sexually transmitted diseases such as genital herpes, gonorrhea, syphilis, AIDS, etc. are closely related, the reason for this is that condyloma acuminatum patients have more risky sexual behavior that can also lead to other sexually transmitted diseases. Second, some STD pathogens destroy the mucosal barrier, so that the body’s ability to resist HPV is reduced.
7, smoking.
Because smoking can reduce the body’s resistance, so smoking is also an independent risk factor for condyloma acuminata. According to research, the incidence of condyloma acuminata in smokers is more than 3 times higher than in non-smokers, and the incidence increases with the age and number of cigarettes smoked per day, while smoking can promote condyloma acuminata recurrence.
8, contraceptive measures.
The results of several studies show that condoms can block HPV infection, so adhere to the use of condoms can prevent the occurrence of condyloma acuminata. Another study showed that the incidence of condyloma acuminata in women taking birth control pills is higher than those not taking pills. The sexual partner is still in latent carry HPV state, again reply to the infection.
9, alcohol consumption and diet.
Drinking alcohol is a risk factor for the onset and recurrence of many STDs, including condyloma acuminata. The reason is that alcohol affects the activity of the body’s T lymphocytes and suppresses the body’s immunity. The actual fact that alcohol can suppress the central nervous system, reduce anxiety, enhance libido, and increase high-risk sexual behavior, to some extent increases the occurrence and recurrence of condyloma acuminata. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and also the most popular.
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2, mother-to-child transmission: the process of childbirth, the fetus through the birth canal with warts and infection, or after birth and close contact with the mother caused by infants and children’s warts.
3, direct sexual contact infection: this is the most important way of transmission. According to a survey, people who have sexual intercourse with patients suffering from condyloma acuminata, 2/3 of them will get the disease.
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1, after going to the toilet, please remember to wipe from the back, because the anus may bring a lot of bacteria, so please do not rub from the anus to the pubic area after the toilet, in order to reduce the chance of infection.
2. Do not douche your vagina repeatedly because it has the function of self-cleaning, so if you douche it deliberately, it is not good for you.
3. Wash your underwear by hand with mild soap, not with strong washing powder or washing machine.
4. Please wear cotton underwear, and try not to wear nylon or synthetic fiber material to keep ventilation and air permeability. So jeans should also be worn less, wear more skirts or suit pants.
5, dietary changes to enhance immunity can be avoided often infected with mold, such as eating less starchy, sugar and stimulating food (such as wine, spicy things, fried), eat more vegetables and fruits, water to be sufficient.
The treatment methods of condyloma acuminata
1, drug treatment: commonly used to have footleaf toxin tincture and footleaf ester tincture, the recurrence rate is high.
2, physical therapy: carbon dioxide laser, liquid nitrogen freezing. Recurrence rate of about 20-40%
3, surgery very poor treatment recommendations: for single or huge condyloma acuminata, recurrence rate of about 20-40%
4, systemic therapy: available interferon IL- and antiviral drugs influence applicable to patients with low immunity.
5, photodynamic therapy: is the current treatment of warts recurrence rate is relatively low a non-invasive new technology, applicable to all parts of the warts.