Pairs 1-22 of autosomes have no clear division of labor and control all hereditary traits except sex. Sex chromosomes are associated with sex and determine sex-related genetic traits. Scientists divide all chromosomes into 23 pairs and 46 chromosomes based on molecular structure and morphological characteristics, where pairs 1-22 are called autosomes and pair 23 is called sex chromosome. Cells in the human body are divided into nucleated and non-nucleated cells, for example, red blood cells are non-nucleated cells, and most cells are nucleated cells. The nucleus of nucleated cells consists of deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins that make up the chromosomes. All chromosomes have a relatively stable structure and properties and remain relatively stable during the transmission from parent to offspring, which is inherited.