Although surgery is an immediate treatment for uterine fibroids, it is more invasive and some patients cannot tolerate surgery. The answer is yes, there are two most mature methods: uterine artery embolization and high-energy focused ultrasound. Uterine artery embolization for uterine fibroids: Through the femoral artery in the groin, a special floating catheter is selectively inserted into the uterine artery under the guidance of angiography, and a special substance is injected to block the blood supply to the uterine artery, thus achieving the treatment purpose. Uterine artery embolization technique has been used in the field of obstetrics and gynecology for nearly 30 years, initially mainly for the treatment of emergency bleeding and vascular malformations in obstetrics and gynecology. 1995 French scholar Ravina first used uterine artery embolization to treat uterine fibroids with symptoms such as heavy menstruation and anemia. It is easy to operate, less invasive, rapid hemostasis, effective, well tolerated by patients, can preserve the uterus and short hospital stay, therefore, it is increasingly used worldwide as an alternative treatment to hysterectomy and myomectomy. We know that the blood supply of uterine fibroids originates from the uterine arteries and forms a vascular network. After embolization of the uterine arteries bilaterally, the smooth muscle cells in the uterine wall undergo degeneration and necrosis. Since the fibroid cells are relatively more active in division and less tolerant to ischemia and hypoxia, they are more likely to undergo cell degeneration and necrosis, and the total number of fibroid cells is significantly reduced, thus achieving the therapeutic goal. Uterine artery embolization for uterine fibroids is mainly aimed at symptomatic fibroids and is particularly suitable for patients with severe anemia or pelvic pain who have failed traditional non-surgical methods and refuse surgery or are not suitable for surgical treatment. Embolization of uterine fibroids smaller than 5 cm has a high success rate. Arterial embolization is also used in patients who have recurred after myomectomy and who are at high risk for surgical treatment. The main problem with uterine artery embolization is the inability to obtain pathology, so surgical exploration to remove the myoma or removal of the uterus for pathological examination is still recommended for patients with rapidly increasing size that cannot be excluded from uterine sarcoma. In addition, for subplasmalemmal fibroids larger than 6 cm, intestinal adhesions and abdominal complications after embolization are likely to occur; for larger submucosal fibroids (>5 cmpx), embolization and uterine cavity infection are likely to occur after embolization; for interstitial fibroids larger than 8 cm, post-embolization syndrome is likely to occur and unsatisfactory reduction of fibroids leads to increased embolization failure rate, which are not suitable for uterine artery embolization. It should be said that as long as the case selection is appropriate, uterine artery embolization can effectively reduce menstrual flow, shrink myoma volume, and relieve pelvic pain and other symptoms. However, if the fibroid volume is reduced by <10% after embolization or if the symptoms are worse than before treatment, then myomectomy or hysterectomy is still required. Since collateral circulation can be established within a short time after uterine artery embolization, fibroids may grow again after embolization, so even if the results are good, they should be reviewed regularly. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for uterine fibroids: HIFU is to focus low-energy ultrasound from outside the body on the target tissues accurately by focusing ultrasound, so that the energy can be amplified thousands of times, resulting in instant high temperature (65℃~100℃) and cavitation effect, causing coagulative necrosis of the tumor and cavitation effect causing rupture of cell membrane and nuclear membrane and loss of diffusion ability, thus achieving the purpose of destroying the lesion. The scope of application and effect are similar to those of uterine artery embolization, but this technique does not require angiography and is therefore a more minimally invasive method. Both uterine artery embolization and HIFU are currently performed in patients with symptomatic fibroids without fertility requirements. For patients with fertility requirements, it is preferable to opt for the traditional procedure.