Migraine is the most common type of primary headache in clinical practice. The main clinical manifestation is episodic moderate-to-severe, throbbing headache, which is mostly hemiplegic and usually lasts for 4-72 hours, and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, fatigue and other symptoms. The etiology of migraine is not clear, but may be related to the following factors: Genetic factors: About 60% of migraine patients have a family history, and their relatives have 3-6 times the risk of developing migraine than the general population. A consistent genetic pattern has not been found in familial migraine patients, and it may be the interaction between polygenic genetic characteristics and environmental factors. Endocrine and metabolic factors: The disease is more common in females than in males, with onset mostly during adolescence, easy onset during menstruation, and reduction or cessation of attacks during pregnancy or after menopause. This suggests that endocrine and metabolic factors are involved in the development of migraine. Dietary and psychiatric factors: Migraine attacks can be triggered by certain foods and medications, including tyramine-containing cheeses, nitrite-containing preservatives in meats and cured foods, phenylethylamine-containing chocolate, food additives such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), red wine and wine. Medications include oral contraceptives and vasodilators such as nitroglycerin. Some environmental and mental factors such as stress, overwork, emotional stress, too much or too little sleep, menstruation, and bright light can also trigger it. At present, the etiology of migraine is still unclear, and the complex attack form also suggests that the possible etiology is not a single mechanism, but probably the result of a combination of factors, which remains to be further explored by medicine.