Cervical cancer quadrivalent vaccine can prevent four HPV types (two high-risk HPV types: 16, 18; two low-risk HPV types: 6, 11). Cervical cancer nine-valent vaccine can prevent nine HPV types (seven high-risk HPV types: 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58; two low-risk HPV types: 6, 11). High-risk HPV is mainly associated with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, while low-risk HPV is mainly associated with mild squamous epithelial lesions and genitourinary warts and recurrent respiratory polyps. HPV is highly host-specific, suitable for growth in warm and humid environments, and mainly infects the complex squamous epithelium of skin and mucous membranes in specific areas of the body. Sexual contact is the main route of transmission, and the disease is most contagious in those who have been ill for about three months. Other routes such as contact transmission and direct mother-to-child transmission cannot be ruled out.