Neonatal myocardial damage is a condition in which the heart muscle is found to be damaged during routine examination of the newborn. It can be seen in newborns with ischemia and hypoxia caused by various reasons during delivery, as well as in children with congenital malformations of the heart and congenital myopathies. In the case of ischemia and hypoxia during delivery, the patient may also suffer from systemic ischemia and hypoxia, of which the brain is most sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia, and the patient may suffer from early cerebral palsy, which requires multidisciplinary treatment. In the case of myocardial injury caused by congenital malformation of the heart, the diagnosis can be made clearly through cardiac ultrasound, and surgery should be considered when the medical condition is relatively stable.