I. What is ulcerative colitis? Inflammatory bowel disease IBD includes a range of disorders, two of the main ones being ulcerative colitis UC and Crohn’s disease CD. ulcerative colitis is more common in clinical practice. It is the formation of chronic inflammation and ulcers in the colon and rectum. These inflammations cause redness, swelling, and heat, leading to bleeding, ulcers, and gastrointestinal cramps. Second, what are the manifestations of ulcerative colitis? Intestinal symptoms: In addition to the general manifestations of the disease, such as fatigue, loss of appetite, etc., there are stools with mucus and/or blood and severe diarrhea; abdominal pain; localized pain or the entire abdomen, and possibly spasms. Some patients may have alternating constipation and diarrhea. Extra-intestinal symptoms: arthritis (especially in the knees and ankles), mouth ulcers, fever, eye symptoms (red, dry eyes, photophobia, etc.), skin manifestations (rash or red painful lumps on the legs).