Hydronephrosis is a common urological disease, mainly due to ureteral stenosis, ureteral stones, urinary tract obstruction and other factors triggering ureteral dilatation, which leads to dilatation of renal pelvis and calyces, resulting in hydronephrosis. Patients can be completely cured if they go to the hospital in time and undergo active treatment, but some patients may relapse again due to bad habits. Clinically, we mainly use medication and surgery to treat hydronephrosis: I. Medication: 1. Analgesic treatment: Patients with hydronephrosis have acute obstruction in the urinary tract, resulting in obstruction of kidney discharge and rising pelvic pressure, which in turn can cause renal colic, pressure pain and lumbar pain. At this time, patients should promptly consult a doctor, under the guidance of the doctor for analgesic treatment, generally can take diclofenac sodium, pethidine and other drugs; 2, lithotripsy treatment: if the urinary tract stones caused by hydrocele, need to remove stones to achieve the purpose of treatment, for example, for uric acid stones can be treated with potassium sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, etc.; 3, antibiotic treatment: if the patient has hydrocele with urinary tract infection The patient needs to be treated with sensitive antibiotics as prescribed by the doctor. Surgical treatment: 1. Lithotripsy: Commonly, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and ureteroscopy can effectively eliminate urinary stones and unblock ureter to improve hydronephrosis; 2. Double J-tube implantation: If the patient has ureteral stenosis, double J-tube implantation can be used to drain the urine in the kidney and promote the recovery of kidney function under the diagnosis of the doctor; 3. Nephrectomy Surgery: Applicable to patients with severe hydronephrosis, when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is less than 10 ml/min and there is no improvement in renal function after adequate drainage of urine from the renal pelvis, then nephrectomy on the affected side is required.