Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic syndromes caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, and the incidence of diabetes mellitus combined with maxillofacial interstitial infections is also significantly higher. With the improvement of people’s living standard and the increase of life expectancy, the number of diabetic patients is increasing. The clinical condition of patients with diabetes mellitus combined with maxillofacial interstitial infection is generally serious, with poor prognosis, and the infection is not easily controlled, which often endangers patients’ lives. 1, clinical data From January 2003 to December 2005, our hospital admitted a total of 25 patients with oral and maxillofacial infections combined with diabetes mellitus, 15 men and 10 women, aged 50-80 years old, of which 6 cases were first discovered diabetes mellitus, 19 cases had a history of diabetes mellitus, the infection came from wisdom teeth pericoronitis 6 cases, mandibular teeth periapical infection 12 cases, periodontal abscess 5 cases, adenogenic infection 4 cases, patients Most of the patients were admitted to the hospital in an emergency. After admission, extraction of the focal tooth, scraping of the focal lesion and abscess incision and drainage were performed, and comprehensive treatment and careful care such as anti-infection and blood sugar control were given after surgery, and the patients healed well. 2, postoperative care (1) incision care oral interstitial infection is not treated in a timely manner, that is, the formation of abscesses, abscesses need to be performed early incision and drainage, if necessary, according to the skin pattern of multiple incisions, adequate drainage, change the anaerobic environment, so that pus and decay and necrosis out of the body, in order to relieve local pain, swelling and tension. Drainage strips or drainage tubes are placed in the wound. Bacterial culture and drug sensitivity are performed on the incision and drainage fluid to guide the rational use of drugs. Antimicrobial agents are selected according to the drug sensitivity. After the abscess is incised, change the dressing 2 to 3 times each time and repeatedly flush the wound with 1% to 3% H2O2 or 1/5000 potassium permanganate solution, or flush the wound with saline, or select sensitive antimicrobial agents plus saline according to drug sensitivity. Observe the nature of drainage fluid and changes in the patient’s mental, facial and vital signs, and suspend wound irrigation if the patient is found to be pale. If the patient with diabetes mellitus combined with gap infection has larger abscess and more necrotic tissues, when cleaning the flocculent necrotic tissues in the wound cavity, add a little lidocaine solution in saline to reduce the pain of the patient’s wound in order to complete the flushing of the wound cavity, which is more effective. After rinsing, assist the patient to semi-recumbent position to reduce wound tension and facilitate wound drainage. (2) Strengthen oral care maxillofacial interstitial infection is often caused by the spread of odontogenic or adenogenic infection. Diabetic patients have reduced salivary secretion and reduced self-cleaning effect; patients have different degrees of fever or even hyperthermia and dry oral mucosa; patients have restricted mouth opening, affecting feeding or reduced feeding; diabetic patients have impaired immune function, oral mucosal infection is easy to spread and difficult to control, so prevention of oral infection is an important way to cut off maxillofacial interstitial infection, and strengthening oral care is an effective measure to prevent oral infection. The main measures are: instruct patients in detail to rinse their mouth correctly, those with oral and gingival bleeding, rinse their mouth with cold boiled water or 3% NaHCO2 solution, disable toothbrush to brush their mouth; rinse their mouth with saline or cool boiled water after each meal, those with pericoronitis of wisdom teeth do affected area rinsing to remove food debris and necrotic tissue and pus in the gingival pocket, after rinsing, use probe dipped in 2% iodine, iodoglycerin, etc. into the gingival pocket, 1 to 3 times a day; can be based on Choose appropriate mouthwash according to oral pH and infected bacteria; actively deal with oral ulcers. (3) Observation and care of respiratory tract obstruction: If the infection spreads to the root of tongue or parapharyngeal space abscess with laryngeal swelling, hoarseness and dyspnea may appear, and in severe cases, irritability and even “triple concave” signs may appear. Two patients with respiratory obstruction were admitted to our ward, and they were discharged after timely tracheotomy to relieve respiratory obstruction. Therefore, tracheotomy kits and suction devices should be routinely prepared at the bedside for patients with maxillofacial interstitial infections and abscesses, so that tracheotomy can be performed when necessary. (4) Control of blood glucose Control of blood glucose in the normal range or slightly higher state is a prerequisite for the treatment of diabetes mellitus combined with interstitial infection. (1) Blood glucose monitoring is done 1 to 3 times a day to monitor blood glucose and urine sugar, so as to adjust the insulin dosage at any time, prevent hypoglycemia and keep blood glucose in a stable state. ② Diet control is one of the important measures in the process of diabetes treatment and should be carried out strictly for a long time regardless of the severity of the disease. The diet should be slightly full for three meals a day, do not overeat. Diabetic blood rheology is high viscosity, high aggregation, high coagulation state. Therefore, the diet should be low in salt, low in fat, high in protein, easy to digest, rich in vitamins, and forbidden to eat stimulating foods. For patients with restricted mouth opening, we use suction tube feeding and encourage patients to eat once every 2-3 hours to improve the nutritional status of patients and increase the resistance of the body. (5) Control of infection Control of blood glucose and control of infection are both important, and both should not be neglected. Early, joint and sufficient application of antibiotics to control infection, prevent further spread of infection to the intracranial and thoracic cavities, and promote the dissipation of inflammation. 3. Health education (1) Prevention of oral diseases gingivitis and periodontitis are the main oral complications of diabetes mellitus, and orofacial interstitial infections are often more common with odontogenic infections. Therefore, during the recovery period, explain in detail to patients the causes of the disease and the importance of early treatment, so that patients can consciously maintain oral hygiene. (2) Discharge instruction Diabetes mellitus is a chronic lifelong disease, and treatment needs to be long-term and cannot be achieved by drugs alone. Explain to patients and their families the knowledge of prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus in plain language, teach patients to self-measure blood glucose and urine sugar, instruct them to exercise regularly, develop compliance behavior, and not to stop medication without authorization. Explain the prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia, and improve patients’ self-care ability. As long as diabetes is controlled and oral local hygiene is maintained, the incidence and progression of periodontal disease in diabetic patients are not significantly different from those in normal people. Therefore, controlling blood glucose and maintaining oral hygiene are the main means to prevent diabetic interstitial infection. 4. Results None of the patients had serious comorbidities, their blood glucose was controlled in the normal range, the incisions healed well and they were discharged from the hospital cured. Diabetes combined with maxillofacial interstitial infection is far more complicated than simple oral and maxillofacial interstitial infection, and can often endanger life due to diffuse swelling of the floor of the mouth and the lower part of the chin. Early treatment, rational use of medication and enhanced clinical care are the keys to successful treatment.