Adenomyosis refers to adenomyosis of the uterus, which mainly causes secondary dysmenorrhea, menstrual disorders, enlarged uterus, infertility and other clinical manifestations. If the patient’s above mentioned symptoms are mild, then he/she does not need to be treated, and regular follow-up and observation can be done; if the patient’s symptoms are severe, affecting life and work, and causing infertility, then he/she must be treated. Patients with mild adenomyosis, such as normal menstruation, no dysmenorrhea, no infertility and other discomforts, do not need to be treated, and regular follow-up observation is sufficient. When patients with adenomyosis develop secondary dysmenorrhea, menstrual disorders, or infertility, they need to be treated actively, or else their fertility will be adversely affected. The treatment of adenomyosis is aimed at relieving pain, reducing bleeding and promoting fertility as the main therapeutic goals. However, the efficacy of medication, such as ibuprofen, a commonly used pain reliever, or pseudo-menopausal therapy with leuprolide, is temporary, with symptoms recurring after stopping the medication. Therefore, patients are advised to seek timely medical consultation and long-term management of treatment under the guidance of specialized doctors. Patients with adenomyosis should actively seek medical attention, consult a physician, and follow up treatment under the physician’s guidance.