Clinical manifestations and signs Sneezing, runny nose, nasal itching and nasal congestion are the four most common symptoms. Sneezing is most severe in the early morning and when waking up from sleep, and in older children there are more than 5 at a time. When the nasal congestion is severe, the mouth is opened to breathe, and the throat is cleared due to repeated coughing triggered by the flow of nasal mucus to the nasopharynx at night. Nasal congestion often changes with the change of position, such as lying on the left side, the left nose is blocked while the right nose is open, and lying on the right side, the right nose is blocked while the left nose is open. Nasal itch is a characteristic manifestation of rhinitis, and children can be seen constantly rubbing the front of the nose with their fingers or palms, an action called “allergic grooming”. Some children often make strange movements such as crooked mouth, shrugging nose, pressing the tip of the nose and pinching the nose due to nasal itching. Older children complain of loss of sense of smell. The nasal discharge is clear and may thicken due to nasal congestion or secondary infection. Children may also have dark gray-blue rings and folds under the orbits, called “allergic staining”, which is due to periorbital edema and venous stasis, and is a characteristic manifestation of oculonasal allergy in atopic children. Family history.
Internal examination of the nasal cavity shows edema of the turbinates, which are often pale or purple and covered with a thin layer of watery mucus. In severe cases, the swollen turbinates may completely block the nasal cavity.
1. red, itchy and watery eyes 2. itchy nose, nasal mucus, mostly clear water, or pus when infected 3. nasal disinflation, ear congestion 4. sneezing (usually sudden and violent) 5. dark circles under the eyes (due to frequent eye rubbing) 6. breathing through the mouth 7. decreased or absent sense of smell 8. dizziness, headache 9. children may develop allergic salute (allergic salute) due to nose rubbing 10.Epidermal rupture Common combined symptoms: 1.Insomnia 2.Sinusitis, i.e. infection of the sinuses (maxillary sinus, septal sinus, pterygoid sinus, frontal sinus) 3.Otitis media, i.e. infection of the middle ear 4.Rhinorrhea