Hypertension, high cholesterol, high triglyceride, high blood sugar, diabetes, coronary heart disease, chronic periodontal disease, ischemic eye disease, long-term heavy smoking, long-term heavy drinking. women over 45 years old, men over 55 years old, if there is one of the above factors, middle-aged people with two of the above factors, we should do carotid ultrasound examination, it will be easy to detect the problem in advance. Secondly, if symptoms such as dizziness, headache, crooked mouth and numbness of limbs occur outside the hospital, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible, take the initiative to examine and actively treat the problem to avoid cerebral infarction. Carotid ultrasound is the first test of choice, somewhat in that it is non-invasive, reproducible and can measure the degree of stenosis, but it also has its disadvantages, which lie in subjectivity, as there is no objective image, so the results depend largely on the experience of the ultrasound doctor, and due to the limitations of ultrasound itself, it can only detect the extracranial internal carotid segment, and it is powerless to detect the intracranial segment, so this can be used as a diagnostic This can be used as a diagnostic tool. If the stenosis is to be considered for surgery, further tests, such as CT and MR for non-invasive tests and arteriography for invasive tests, are needed to understand the extent of the stenosis and the condition of the intracranial vessels so that the surgeon can make a better decision about the next surgical procedure and the risks involved. How should carotid artery stenosis be treated? Different treatments are available depending on the size of the plaque, the degree of narrowing of the lumen, etc. If the plaque is not large and does not affect the carotid blood supply, interventions such as medication, changes in diet and lifestyle habits can be used to control the plaque from continuing to expand. Plaque and thrombus are formed over years and years, and their elimination requires years and years of medication. Cholesterol and triglycerides need to be controlled for a long time and therefore require long-term medication. The most effective drugs for cholesterol control are statins, and the most effective drugs for triglyceride control are fibrates, and the elimination of plaque and thrombosis requires long-term adherence to these two types of drugs. Patients with internal carotid artery stenosis of 50% or more with clinical symptoms, or patients with stenosis greater than 70% with high-risk factors and family history should be treated with surgical intervention, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of ischemic stroke and hemiparesis events. In the United States, a large medical survey of thousands of people with internal carotid artery stenosis was conducted from 1990 to 1998, divided into three groups: those with internal carotid artery stenosis, which caused a stroke and underwent surgery; those with internal carotid artery stenosis, which had not yet caused a stroke and underwent surgery; and those with internal carotid artery stenosis, which had not yet caused a stroke and did not undergo surgery. The results confirmed that surgery, combined with good medication, is effective in reducing the occurrence of strokes and reducing stroke deaths. This large medical survey and its results shocked the world, and many countries, especially developed countries, have promoted the American experience, with the number of surgical cases abroad reaching 100,000/year …… There are currently two types of surgery: One is stenting, or carotid stenting (CAS). Patients with plaque and carotid stenosis that has exceeded 70%, occasional or frequent transient dizziness, transient loss of consciousness, loss of vision, and blackouts, but with high plaque location on ultrasound and severe cardiac and respiratory complications, may be considered for this procedure. Stenting is an interventional method in which the patient punctures a vein in the arm or the root of the thigh and uses a guide wire to “transport” the stent to the carotid artery stenosis to open the stenosis and widen the blood vessels in the stenosis, thus increasing the blood flow and ensuring the blood supply to the brain. However, the disadvantage of this procedure is that it mainly solves the problem of stenosis, but does not fundamentally solve the problem of plaque loosening and shedding. Secondly, carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgical procedure to completely remove the plaque from the carotid artery, so that the carotid blood flow can be smooth and maintain a good blood supply to the brain. For patients with carotid stenosis, if the degree of stenosis is more than 70% or there are “soft plaques” that can easily be dislodged and lead to stroke, and the location of the carotid plaque is not very high, and the patient does not have serious cardiac and respiratory complications, this procedure can be performed without special medication and at a lower cost. CEA.