With the improvement of people’s material living standard and the increasing awareness of health care, parents are more and more concerned about children’s growth and development, especially in terms of height. We know that children’s growth is a long process, from conception to adulthood in more than ten years, during which it is influenced by many factors, such as genetics, nutrition, diseases, etc. First of all, genetic factors, many of our children’s characteristics such as appearance, hair color, etc. are influenced by genetics, and height is also. The heritability of height is 85%, which means that 85% of the body’s height is determined by genes and the other 15% is determined by the environment. It is medically possible to predict the height of a child by the height of the parents, which we call genetic target height. The genetic target height prediction for boys: [father’s height + (mother’s height + 13)] ÷ 2 ± 7.5cm; for girls: [(father’s height – 13) + mother’s height] ÷ 2 ± 6.0cm. Here I would like to remind parents that some have the misconception that if the parents are tall, the child must be tall. Although height and heredity are closely related, heredity gives only a range of height with a deviation of 10 cm above and below. If the child’s height is close to the upper limit of heredity, the child’s height is more ideal; if it is close to the lower limit of heredity, the child’s height is short. The second aspect is nutrition. When it comes to nutrition, we usually think of acquired nutrition, but we do not know that intrauterine nutrition also has a great impact on the height of children. Intrauterine nutritional disorders due to various reasons can lead to intrauterine growth retardation or SGA, where the child’s weight and length after birth are less than the 10th percentile for children of the same sex and gestational age. 10-15% of these children will not experience catch-up growth and become short in stature after birth. The incidence of SGA in China is about 6.05% among full-term children, so parents with SGA should be reminded to pay special attention to their children’s growth after birth and follow up regularly. Postnatal nutrition is closely related to growth. Adequate and appropriate nutrients allow for optimal growth potential. Normal growth requires protein, amino acids, vitamins, minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, and trace elements such as zinc and iodine. Animal foods such as eggs, meat, fish and dairy contain complete essential amino acids and have high nutritional value, so it is advisable to eat more of them. Calcium and phosphorus are the main components of the bones, so the diet should take into account the types of calcium and phosphorus. Calcium-rich milk and milk products, beans, shrimp, etc., to develop the habit of drinking milk every day. Diseases have a great impact on children’s height, such as malnutrition, long-term diarrhea, especially endocrine diseases can affect height, such as growth hormone deficiency, congenital hypothyroidism, precocious puberty, idiopathic dwarfism, etc. Adequate sleep is also very important for growth. The secretion of growth hormone, which is directly related to height growth in our body, has special characteristics, and its secretion is unbalanced within 24 hours a day. 80% of growth hormone is secreted when people sleep, which is why folklore has the saying “sleep well and grow well”. The secretion of growth hormone peaks at 45-90′ after falling asleep at night (deep sleep), and both secretion peaks are concentrated at night. Therefore, sufficient sleep can help the growth of height. Exercise is also the most effective way to promote physical development and enhance physical fitness. The growth of long bones determines the height of adolescents, and exercise can significantly stimulate the pituitary gland to secrete growth hormone, thus promoting bone growth. Exercise by itself does not result in genetically predetermined height increases, but exercise can promote the maximization of genetic potential. Studies have reported that children who exercise are at least 2-3 cm taller than children who do not exercise. Of course, a good living environment and a good mood also contribute to height growth. Finally, parents must monitor the growth of their children. In our clinical work, we often encounter parents who are very concerned about their children’s height, but when asked about the specifics of their children’s growth, many parents cannot answer, they just “don’t know”, “didn’t pay attention” and so on. We recommend that parents monitor and record their child’s growth on a regular basis. Growth rate is the most direct and simple way to determine the presence or absence of growth disorders. The so-called growth rate is the annual increase in height. There are two growth spurts in a person’s life: infancy and adolescence. During infancy, a child can increase in height by 25 cm in one year and by about 12 cm in the second year; while during puberty, a child can increase in height by an average of 7-10 cm per year, and this period lasts for about three years, with a total increase of about 25-28 cm during this period. These two periods are critical in determining the height of children in adulthood. If the growth rate is less than 5 cm per year for children over the age of 3 and less than 6 cm per year for adolescents, they should be further examined at a specialized hospital. In addition, parents can also record their children’s youthful development, such as when girls’ breasts develop and menarche, and whether boys have changed their voices. This is because these physiological phenomena are sometimes closely related to the child’s height. Child growth is a complex process, influenced by genetics, nutrition, disease, environment and many other factors. Genetics we have no choice, but reasonable and balanced nutrition, adequate sleep and proper physical exercise all have a role in promoting growth. Regular growth monitoring is important for early detection and early treatment. Also the method is easy and parents should pay attention to it. We hope that parents and friends will start building a growth profile for their children today.