Overview of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also known as “male LUTS”, is a common progressive disease of the genitourinary system in middle-aged and old-aged males, which mainly manifests as progressive dysuria, frequent urination, urinary urgency, thin urinary line, and increased frequency of nocturia, and so on, which seriously affects the quality of life of the patients, and causes great pain to the patients. The clinical symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia are not simply caused by the increased volume of the prostate gland causing bladder outlet, but also related to age-related hyporeflexia, polyuria, sleep disorders and a variety of systemic diseases. Its treatment methods mainly include watchful waiting, medication, and surgery (open prostatectomy and transurethral resection of the prostate), etc. A full understanding of the degree of prostatic hyperplasia, the presence of obstruction and the degree of obstruction, and the presence of complications such as infection, hematuria, bladder stones, and renal insufficiency can provide a basis for the choice of treatment plan. While patients receive timely and effective treatment, quality nursing care plays an important role in stabilizing patients’ emotions, alleviating their conditions, and improving their therapeutic effects.
Main nursing problems
1.Pain.
2. Change in comfort.
3. Abnormal urination.
4. potential complications, such as infection, bleeding, incontinence, renal insufficiency and bladder stones.
Nursing measures
1. Condition observation
Closely monitor the patient’s vital signs after surgery, observe the changes of body temperature and blood leukocytes, and detect the symptoms of infection in time. Observe the change of urine volume and color, continue bladder irrigation, and keep the drainage of catheter smooth to avoid pain caused by bladder spasm. Observe the wound exudation and change the dressing in time.
2.Pain care
Evaluate the location, nature, degree and frequency of pain, give analgesic drugs to the patient as prescribed by the doctor if necessary, and observe the efficacy of the drugs and adverse reactions.
3. Functional exercise care
Instruct the patients to perform anal lifting exercises to reduce the symptoms of frequent urination and incontinence.
4. Medication care
Give the patient medication as prescribed by the doctor, pay close attention to the patient’s condition before and after the medication, observe the color, nature and amount of urine, observe whether there are any abnormalities after the medication, and if there are any abnormalities, report them to the doctor for treatment in a timely manner.
Health promotion
1. Advise patients to develop good living habits, quit smoking and drinking, eat light and fiber-rich food, and eat less spicy and stimulating diet.
2. Drink more water in moderation, daily water intake of 2,000-3,000 ml, to achieve the role of self-cleaning, in order to prevent urinary tract infections. For patients with cardiac insufficiency need to limit intake.
3. Maintain a positive and optimistic mindset, participate in physical exercise appropriately, avoid sedentary activities, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and improve the resistance of the body.
4. Avoid straining to defecate within 1 month after surgery, keep the bowel movement smooth, and take oral laxatives if necessary.
5. Advise patients to urinate as soon as possible, and not to hold urine. Because holding urine will cause overfilling of the bladder, so that the bladder forced urinary muscle contraction force is weakened, so that urination difficulty occurs, easily induced acute urinary retention.