Pulmonary hypertension is not self-healing and can lead to lung infections if left untreated. Pulmonary hypertension may be caused by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance due to lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, obstructed pulmonary venous return, cardiac insufficiency such as left heart failure, or pulmonary artery malformation. Continued elevation of pulmonary artery pressure can lead to pulmonary heart disease, and in severe cases, heart failure and sudden death, which is an irreversible and progressive disease that cannot be cured by itself and needs to be treated for its cause. Treatment includes oxygen therapy, vasodilators, anticoagulants, diuretics and other medications, and surgical treatments such as arterial bypass and heart-lung transplantation. Patients who develop pulmonary hypertension need to maintain a regular routine, eat a balanced diet, quit smoking and drinking, and avoid traveling by airplane. In case of women of childbearing age, strict contraception is required.