Bronchiectasis is a group of disorders in which pathological damage to the end-stage bronchi due to infectious, physicochemical, immunologic, or genetic causes is manifested by structural destruction of the bronchial wall, wall thickening, and abnormal and persistent dilatation of the bronchi. Bronchiectasis can be categorized into congenital and secondary depending on the etiology. When bronchiectasis occurs, the secretions in the airways increase, and the ability of the airways to clear the secretions decreases, causing sputum to accumulate in the airways, which is conducive to pathogenic microorganisms colonizing them, increasing the possibility of recurrent infections in the airways, and recurrent infections will exacerbate the re-destruction of the walls of the airways, thickening the walls of the tubes, which will in turn decrease the ability of the airways to clear the sputum. Symptoms of bronchiectasis are mainly recurrent coughing, coughing up sputum or coughing up purulent sputum, often accompanied by hemoptysis, or hemoptysis can be the only manifestation. Diagnosis requires a combination of medical history and relevant laboratory tests and imaging tests, etc. People with symptoms such as chronic cough, coughing up sputum and blood in sputum are advised to consult a doctor for clarification in a timely manner.