Endodontic treatment is required for both endodontic and periapical teeth. Endodontic treatment is divided into three main steps: the first step involves local infiltration anesthesia, followed by complete removal of the infected dental hard tissue from the tooth, opening the pulp chamber to unblock the root canal, and placing a dental nerve inactivator in the pulp chamber. In the second step, the infected root canal system is flushed and disinfected, the root canal is evacuated and the root canal length is measured, the root canal is prepared for shaping with instruments using a nickel-titanium machine, and a calcium hydroxide paste is sealed in the root canal to reduce inflammation. In the third step, the root canal is filled with a dental cement tip according to the length and thickness of the root canal measured in step 2. Currently, most root canals are filled tightly by vertical pressure root canal filling with hot dental cement. After root canal treatment, the crown will become brittle and easily fractured, so a porcelain or all-porcelain crown is usually required for restoration.